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Video: Dab tsi hydrocarbon muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv molecule?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Yooj yim hydrocarbons thiab lawv cov variations
| Tus naj npawb ntawm carbon atoms | Alkane (ib daim ntawv cog lus) | Alkene (ob daim ntawv cog lus) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Methane | - |
| 2 | Ethane | Ethylene (zeeg) |
| 3 | Propane | Propene (zeeg) |
| 4 | Butane | Butene (butylene) |
Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, uas hydrocarbon compound muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv lub molecule?
Alkenes
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov molecule twg muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus? Cov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic compound nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus yog ethylene, lossis ethene, C2H4 . Qhov ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob lub atoms muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus sigma thiab π daim ntawv cog lus. Ethylene bondingIb qho piv txwv ntawm ib qho yooj yim molecule nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon atoms.
Ib yam li ntawd, nws tau nug, uas hydrocarbon muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv nws cov pob txha pob txha?
alkenes
Koj npe ob daim ntawv cog lus li cas hauv Cycloalkanes?
1 Teb
- Nomenclature ntawm cyclic lossis ncig molecules suav nrog suav cov pa roj carbon atoms thiab muab cov hauv paus tsim nyog (piv txwv li 6 → 'hex-', 4 → 'but-') thiab ntxiv 'cyclo-' ua ntej.
- cycloprop-1-ene los yog tsuas yog cyclopropene → peb carbon atoms nyob rau hauv daim duab peb sab, nrog ib tug ob daim ntawv cog lus rau thawj carbon.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas yog daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ionic?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ionic thiab covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tias covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum ob lub atoms sib koom electrons. Ionic bonds yog lub zog uas tuav ua ke electrostatic zog ntawm kev nyiam ntawm cov ions oppositely them. Ionic bonds muaj qhov sib txawv electronegativity ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus lub zog thiab daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog thiab lub zog bonddissociation yog tias lub zog sib txuas yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog xav tau los rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm tib ob hom atoms nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txuas whereas daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog yog tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob xav tau los rhuav tshem ib qho kev sib koom ua ke inhomolysis
Puas yog daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen zoo ib yam li daim ntawv cog lus?
Hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub npe muab rau electrostatic kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi zoo ntawm hydrogen atom thiab tus nqi tsis zoo ntawm oxygen atom ntawm ib qho chaw nyob sib ze. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov sib cuam tshuam electrostatic ntawm ob lub atom hauv tib lub molecule
Dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv cog lus muaj nyob hauv graphite?
Graphite muaj cov qauv loj heev uas: txhua cov pa roj carbon atom tau koom nrog peb lwm cov pa roj carbon atom los ntawm covalent bonds. cov pa roj carbon atoms tsim cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nrog hexagonal kev npaj ntawm atoms. cov txheej muaj zog tsis muaj zog ntawm lawv. Txhua cov pa roj carbon atom muaj ib qho uas tsis yog-bonded sab nraud electron, uas dhau los ua delocalised
Dab tsi hydrocarbon muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv nws cov pob txha carbon?
Organic compounds uas muaj carbon-carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus hu ua alkenes. Cov pa roj carbon atoms koom nrog ob daim ntawv cog lus yog sp2 hybridized. Ob qho yooj yim alkenes yog ethene (C2H4) thiab propene (C3H6). Alkenes nyob rau hauv uas txoj hauj lwm ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv yog txawv molecules