Puas tuaj yeem sp3 daim ntawv cog lus pi?
Puas tuaj yeem sp3 daim ntawv cog lus pi?

Video: Puas tuaj yeem sp3 daim ntawv cog lus pi?

Video: Puas tuaj yeem sp3 daim ntawv cog lus pi?
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Tsis yog sp3 xwb, tab sis ib qho hybrid orbital. Txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug triple daim ntawv cog lus , zoo li hauv acetylene (H-C≡C-H), π daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim los ntawm px thiab py orbitals (los yog ib qho tsim nyog sib npaug sidelong orbital sib tshooj), thaum lub σ daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim nrog cov hybrid orbitals, uas muaj tsuas yog cov pz thiab s orbitals.

Ib yam li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nug, pes tsawg pi bonds sp3 muaj?

Alkanes yog sp3 hybridized thiab tuaj yeem muaj txog li 4 daim ntawv cog lus, uas yog sigma daim ntawv cog lus (CH4, CH3Cl thiab lwm yam). Cov pa roj carbon ntawm alkene muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus ib leeg, uas txhais tau tias 2 sigma daim ntawv cog lus. Plus 1 sigma thiab 1 pi yib (pz-orbitals) los ntawm C = C.

Qhov twg hybridization tswvyim pub rau pi daim ntawv cog lus? sp 2 hybridization

Ib yam li ntawd, tib neeg nug, sp2 tuaj yeem tsim pi daim ntawv cog lus?

Ethene, sp2 ua hybridization nrog a pi sib Txhua carbon daim ntawv 3 sigm daim ntawv cog lus thiab tsis muaj ib khub. Tseem muaj 2p orbital ntawm txhua cov pa roj carbon. Cov no ua tau ua ke ua ib pi sib thiab a piv antibonding molecular orbital.

Cov orbitals twg tuaj yeem tsim pi bonds?

Ib leeg covalent daim ntawv cog lus uas daim ntawv nruab nrab nuclei yog tsim los ntawm "lub taub hau-rau-lub taub hau" sib tshooj ntawm orbitals thiab hu ua sigma(s) daim ntawv cog lus . Qhov sib tshooj no yuav suav nrog s-s, s-p, s-d lossis txawm p-d orbitals . Lwm hom daim ntawv cog lus , a piv (p) daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum ob p orbitals sib tshooj.

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