Video: NaBH4 puas tuaj yeem txo ob daim ntawv cog lus?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
LiAlH4 txo ob daim ntawv cog lus tsuas yog thaum lub ob daim ntawv cog lus yog Beta-arly, NaBH4 ua tsis yog txo ob daim ntawv cog lus . yog koj xav tau koj ua tau siv H2/Ni txo a ob daim ntawv cog lus.
Ib yam li ntawd, nws tau nug, LiAlH4 puas tuaj yeem txo ob daim ntawv cog lus?
LiAlH4 txo ob daim ntawv cog lus Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsuas yog thaum nws yog conjugation nrog phenyl nplhaib tab sis 'cinnamic acid' yog ib qho excepection vim nws muaj ob qho tib si carbonyl carbon thiab phenyl nplhaib nyob rau hauv nws conjugation. LiAlH4 txo ob daim ntawv cog lus Thaum nws nyob rau hauv conjugation nrog phenyl tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm carbonyls.
Ib yam li ntawd, vim li cas NaBH4 tuaj yeem txo cov alkenes? NAB 4 is tsawg reactive dua LiAlH4 tab sis yog lwm yam zoo sib xws. Nws yog kuj yooj yim uas, txawm tias LiAlH4 yog muaj zog txaus txo lub C = C Page 2 ntawm ib tug conjugated carbonyl compound, NAB 4 is tsis yog; yog li cov pab pawg carbonyl ua tau ua txo tsis muaj alkene.
Ntawm no, NaBH4 txo qis li cas?
NaBH4 txo aldehydes, ketones thiab acid chlorides rau hauv cawv. Nws ua tsis tau txo acid, ester thiab amides. NAB 4 tawg rau hauv Na cation thiab BH4 anion.
Vim li cas LiAlH4 tsis tuaj yeem txo alkenes?
Cov no ua tsis tau tua ib tug electron nplua nuj carbon-carbon ob daim ntawv cog lus, los yog raug tawm tsam los ntawm ib khub ntawm tsis zoo electrons los ntawm ib tug pi orbital.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas yog daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ionic?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ionic thiab covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tias covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum ob lub atoms sib koom electrons. Ionic bonds yog lub zog uas tuav ua ke electrostatic zog ntawm kev nyiam ntawm cov ions oppositely them. Ionic bonds muaj qhov sib txawv electronegativity ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus lub zog thiab daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog thiab lub zog bonddissociation yog tias lub zog sib txuas yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog xav tau los rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm tib ob hom atoms nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txuas whereas daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog yog tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob xav tau los rhuav tshem ib qho kev sib koom ua ke inhomolysis
Puas yog daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen zoo ib yam li daim ntawv cog lus?
Hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub npe muab rau electrostatic kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi zoo ntawm hydrogen atom thiab tus nqi tsis zoo ntawm oxygen atom ntawm ib qho chaw nyob sib ze. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov sib cuam tshuam electrostatic ntawm ob lub atom hauv tib lub molecule
Muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv cog lus tuaj yeem tsim carbon atom thiab vim li cas?
plaub Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas nws tseem ceeb uas cov pa roj carbon tsim 4 daim ntawv cog lus? Cov pa roj carbon yog tib lub ntsiab uas ua tau daim ntawv thiaj li sib txawv tebchaw vim txhua carbon atom tau daim ntawv plaub tshuaj daim ntawv cog lus rau lwm cov atoms, thiab vim cov carbon atom tsuas yog txoj cai, me me kom haum rau qhov yooj yim raws li qhov chaw ntawm cov molecules loj heev.
Puas tuaj yeem sp3 daim ntawv cog lus pi?
Tsis yog sp3 xwb, tab sis ib qho hybrid orbital. Txawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus triple, zoo li hauv acetylene (H−C≡C−H), lub π bonds yog tsim los ntawm px thiab py orbitals (los yog ib qho tsim nyog sib npaug sidelong orbital sib tshooj), thaum lub σ bonds yog tsim nrog cov hybrid orbitals, uas muaj tsuas yog cov pz thiab s orbitals