Video: Daim ntawv cog lus tshuaj muaj tseeb yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
A chemical bond yog ib tug ntev attraction ntawm atoms, ions los yog molecules uas enables tsim ntawm tshuaj tshuaj sib xyaw. Cov daim ntawv cog lus Tej zaum yuav tshwm sim los ntawm electrostatic quab yuam ntawm attraction ntawm oppositely them ions raws li nyob rau hauv ionic daim ntawv cog lus los yog los ntawm kev sib koom ntawm electrons li hauv covalent bonds.
Xav txog qhov no, dab tsi yog daim ntawv cog lus tiag?
Covalent tshuaj, feem ntau, muaj nyob rau hauv discrete molecules nyob rau hauv uas lub constituent atoms tshwm sim ua ke los ntawm ib tug los yog ntau yam sib txawv ib-rau-ib qho kev sib tshuam los ntawm kev sib koom ntawm electrons. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus feem ntau piav raws li qhov muaj tseeb tshuaj daim ntawv cog lus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, dab tsi yog daim ntawv cog lus tshuaj hauv kev tshawb fawb? Tshuaj tiv thaiv . A chemical bond yog lub cev tshwm sim ntawm tshuaj Cov khoom raug tuav ua ke los ntawm kev nyiam ntawm atoms rau ib leeg los ntawm kev sib koom, nrog rau kev sib pauv, ntawm electrons - lossis electrostatic rog.
Cov lus nug tseem yog, puas yog daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog ib daim ntawv cog lus tiag tiag?
A hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub electromagnetic attraction tsim ntawm ib feem zoo them hydrogen atom txuas rau lub atom heev electronegative thiab lwm tus nyob ze electronegative atom. A hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog ib hom kev sib tshuam dipole-dipole; nws tsis yog ib tseeb chemical bond.
Dab tsi yog chemical bond nrog piv txwv?
Piv txwv ntawm Chemical Bonds : 1. Ib leeg covalent bonds daim ntawv thaum tsuas yog ib khub ntawm electrons sib koom ntawm atoms. Qhov no feem ntau nrog cov ntsiab lus uas tsis yog xim hlau. Dej yog H2O, txhais tau hais tias nws muaj ib qho oxygen atom txuas rau ob lub hydrogen atoms thiab txhua daim ntawv cog lus yog ib leeg covalent bond.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog NaCl muaj daim ntawv cog lus uas tsis muaj polar?
Yog lawm, NaCl yog ib daim ntawv cog lus ionic uas ua rau nws polar. Qhov txawv ntawm electronegativities yog dab tsi ua rau daim ntawv cog lus polar lossis nonpolar. Yog hais tias ob lub atoms nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv cog lus muaj tib lub electronegativity, (xws li, uas muaj ob ntawm tib lub atoms) daim ntawv cog lus yog nonpolar vim tias ob lub atoms muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov electrons
Yuav ua li cas yog daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ionic?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ionic thiab covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tias covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum ob lub atoms sib koom electrons. Ionic bonds yog lub zog uas tuav ua ke electrostatic zog ntawm kev nyiam ntawm cov ions oppositely them. Ionic bonds muaj qhov sib txawv electronegativity ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus lub zog thiab daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog thiab lub zog bonddissociation yog tias lub zog sib txuas yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog xav tau los rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm tib ob hom atoms nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txuas whereas daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog yog tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob xav tau los rhuav tshem ib qho kev sib koom ua ke inhomolysis
Puas yog daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen zoo ib yam li daim ntawv cog lus?
Hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub npe muab rau electrostatic kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi zoo ntawm hydrogen atom thiab tus nqi tsis zoo ntawm oxygen atom ntawm ib qho chaw nyob sib ze. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov sib cuam tshuam electrostatic ntawm ob lub atom hauv tib lub molecule
Dab tsi ntawm daim ntawv cog lus muaj nyob hauv graphite?
Graphite muaj cov qauv loj heev uas: txhua cov pa roj carbon atom tau koom nrog peb lwm cov pa roj carbon atom los ntawm covalent bonds. cov pa roj carbon atoms tsim cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nrog hexagonal kev npaj ntawm atoms. cov txheej muaj zog tsis muaj zog ntawm lawv. Txhua cov pa roj carbon atom muaj ib qho uas tsis yog-bonded sab nraud electron, uas dhau los ua delocalised