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Video: Yuav ua li cas koj nrhiav tau tus naj npawb ntawm covalent bonds nyob rau hauv ib tug compound?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Cov tus lej ntawm daim ntawv cog lus rau ib tug nruab nrab atom yog sib npaug rau cov tus lej ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv tag nrho valence plhaub (2 los yog 8 electrons) rho tawm tus lej ntawm valence electrons. Txoj kev no ua haujlwm vim txhua tus covalent bond tias cov ntawv atom ntxiv lwm cov hluav taws xob rau lub atoms valence plhaub yam tsis hloov nws cov nqi.
Tsuas yog li ntawd, lub compound twg muaj covalent bonds?
Piv txwv ntawm tshuaj sib xyaw uas muaj nkaus xwb covalent bonds yog methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), thiab iodine monobromide (IBr). Covalent bonding nruab nrab ntawm hydrogen atoms: Txij li txhua lub atom hydrogen muaj ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lawv muaj peev xwm sau lawv cov plhaub sab nraud los ntawm kev sib koom ib khub ntawm electrons los ntawm ib qho covalent bond.
Ib tug kuj yuav nug, pes tsawg covalent bonds ib atom tuaj yeem tsim tau? Hydrogen atom tuaj yeem tsim 1 daim ntawv cog lus, carbon atom tuaj yeem tsim 4 bonds, nitrogen atom tuaj yeem tsim 3 daim ntawv cog lus thiab cov pa oxygen atom tuaj yeem tsim 2 daim ntawv cog lus. Cia peb rhuav cov lus nug. Firstly covalent bonding yog muaj zog electrostatic zog ntawm attraction ntawm sib koom khub ntawm valence electrons thiab nucleus.
Xav txog qhov no, 5 piv txwv ntawm covalent bonds yog dab tsi?
Piv txwv ntawm Covalent Bond:
- Dej. Ib qho piv txwv yog dej. Dej muaj covalent daim ntawv cog lus uas muaj hydrogen thiab oxygen bonding ua ke los ua H2O.
- Pob zeb diamond. Lub pob zeb diamond yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm Giant Covalent daim ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon. Lub pob zeb diamond muaj cov qauv loj heev.
- Vulcanized roj hmab. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog vulcanized roj hmab.
Dab tsi yog 3 hom ntawm covalent bonds?
Cov peb hom raws li tau hais nyob rau hauv lwm cov lus teb yog polar covalent , tsis muaj polar covalent , thiab kev sib koom tes covalent . Thawj, polar covalent , yog tsim los ntawm ob lub nonmetals uas muaj qhov sib txawv hauv electronegativity. Lawv qhia lawv cov electron ceev tsis sib npaug.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas koj nrhiav tau tus naj npawb ntawm molecules nyob rau hauv ib tug tshuaj formula?
Multiply Moles los ntawm Avogadro Constant Muab cov naj npawb ntawm moles los ntawm Avogadro tas li, 6.022 x 10^23, los xam cov lej ntawm cov molecules hauv koj cov qauv
Yuav ua li cas koj nrhiav tau tus naj npawb ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv ib tug uncharged atom?
Tus naj npawb atomic sawv cev rau tus naj npawb ntawm protons hauv atom lub nucleus. Hauv ib qho atom uas tsis tau them nyiaj, tus naj npawb ntawm cov protons ib txwm sib npaug ntawm cov electrons. Piv txwv li, carbon atoms suav nrog rau protons thiab rau electrons, yog li cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog 6
Yuav ua li cas yog lub sum ntawm cov atomic masses ntawm tag nrho cov atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug qauv rau ib tug compound?
Cov mis loj ntawm ib yam khoom yog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov nruab nrab atomic masses ntawm txhua lub atom sawv cev hauv cov tshuaj formula thiab qhia nyob rau hauv atomic mass units. Cov mis loj ntawm covalent compound tseem hu ua molecular mass
Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug piv txwv ntawm ib tug rational naj npawb uas tsis yog ib tug tag nrho?
Tus lej "rational" yog qhov piv ntawm ob tus lej. Piv txwv li, cov hauv qab no yog cov lej rational, thiab tsis muaj leej twg yog tus lej: 1 / 2. 2 / 3
Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj nrhiav tau tus naj npawb ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv ib qho piv txwv?
Tom qab ntawd, muab cov naj npawb ntawm qhov tshwm sim los ntawm tus lej ntawm cov yob. Txij li thaum peb tsuas yog dov ib zaug xwb, ces tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau yog 6. Cov lus teb yog qhov chaw piv txwv yog 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 thiab tus lej ntawm qhov tshwm sim tau yog 6