Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Cov kev ua gene tswj li cas hauv eukaryotes?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Gene qhia hauv eukaryotic tshuaj cov hlwb raug tswj los ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam thiab los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm transcriptional. Zoo li lawv cov prokaryotic counterparts, eukaryotic tshuaj repressors khi rau tej DNA ib ntus thiab inhibit transcription. Lwm cov neeg tawm tsam sib tw nrog cov activators rau kev khi rau cov kev cai tshwj xeeb.
Tsuas yog li ntawd, yuav ua li cas cov noob qhia tswj hauv eukaryotes?
Eukaryotic noob qhia yog tswj Thaum lub sij hawm transcription thiab RNA ua, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub nucleus, thiab thaum lub sij hawm cov protein translation, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm. Cov kev cai ntxiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov protein.
Ib yam li ntawd, kev tswj cov noob qhia li cas ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes hauv multicellular eukaryotes? faulty los yog puas proteins raug lees paub thiab sai degraded nyob rau hauv hlwb , yog li tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua yuam kev thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov protein.
Hais txog qhov no, dab tsi yog peb txoj hauv kev uas cov hlwb eukaryotic tuaj yeem tswj cov noob qhia?
Eukaryotic noob qhia tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm ntau theem
- Chromatin accessibility. Cov qauv ntawm chromatin (DNA thiab nws cov txheej txheem proteins) tuaj yeem tswj tau.
- Kev sau ntawv. Kev hloov pauv yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm rau ntau cov noob.
- Kev ua haujlwm RNA.
Cov proteins twg koom nrog hauv eukaryotic gene transcription thiab kev tswj hwm?
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li cov hlwb prokaryotic, cov eukaryotic tshuaj RNA polymerase xav tau lwm yam cov proteins , los yog kev sau ntawv yam, pab txhawb kev sau ntawv pib. Kev sau ntawv yam yog cov proteins uas khi rau kev txhawb nqa ib ntus thiab lwm yam kev cai sequences los tswj cov kev sau ntawv ntawm lub hom phiaj noob.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog kev tswj cov noob hauv eukaryotes koom nrog operons?
Xws li ib pawg ntawm cov noob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm ib tus neeg txhawb nqa yog hu ua operon. Operons muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv eukaryotes xws li tib neeg. Hloov chaw, nws kuj suav nrog tus txhawb nqa thiab lwm yam kev tswj hwm uas tswj hwm kev qhia ntawm cov noob
Yuav ua li cas cov protein tswj cov kev qhia gene?
Eukaryotic gene qhia yog tswj thaum lub sij hawm transcription thiab RNA ua, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub nucleus, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub protein txhais lus, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cytoplasm. Cov kev cai ntxiv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov protein
Txoj kev faib cov ntaub ntawv twg muab cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov kev tshuaj xyuas hauv txhua chav kawm cov ntaub ntawv?
Quantile. txhua chav kawm muaj cov yam ntxwv sib npaug. Ib qho kev faib tawm ntau yog zoo haum rau cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm. Quantile muab tib tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis rau txhua chav kawm
Dab tsi yog kev tswj zoo thiab kev tswj tsis zoo hauv gel electrophoresis?
Kev tswj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo yog cov qauv uas tau siv los lees paub qhov siv tau ntawm gel electrophoresis sim. Cov kev tswj tau zoo yog cov qauv uas muaj cov cim paub txog DNA lossis cov protein thiab yuav txav mus rau ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb ntawm cov gel. Kev tswj tsis zoo yog cov qauv uas tsis muaj DNA lossis cov protein
Cov cai tswj kev tswj hwm yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv hauv lub dav hlau sib koom tes feem ntau yog sawv cev los ntawm 'coordinate rules' ntawm daim ntawv (x, y) --> (x', y'). Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib lub ntsiab lus uas nws cov kev tswj hwm yog (x, y) tau kos npe rau lwm lub ntsiab lus uas nws cov kev tswj hwm yog (x', y')