Video: Peptide daim ntawv cog lus muaj zog npaum li cas?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Cov peptide daim ntawv cog lus uas khi cov amino acids yog ib qho ntawm cov muaj zog thiab ruaj khov ntawm covalent daim ntawv cog lus . Ob lub amino acids tuaj yeem koom ua ke los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej kom tsim tau lub dipeptide. Hauv chav kuaj, peb tuaj yeem tawg, lossis hydrolyze, peptide daim ntawv cog lus feem ntau zoo los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cua sov thiab cov kua qaub.
Tib neeg kuj nug, puas yog daim ntawv cog lus peptide muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog?
Lub zog ntawm lub peptide daim ntawv cog lus Nws yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm resonance ntawm nitrogen thiab carbonyl pawg. Cov peptide daim ntawv cog lus siv pseudo-ob daim ntawv cog lus yam ntxwv; nruj, planar, thiab muaj zog dua tshaj li ib txwm C-N ib leeg daim ntawv cog lus.
Ib sab saum toj no, hom ntawv cog lus twg yog daim ntawv cog lus peptide? A peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog amide hom ntawm covalent chemical daim ntawv cog lus txuas ob sib law liag alpha-amino acids los ntawm C1 (carbon tooj ib) ntawm ib tug alpha-amino acid thiab N2 (nitrogen tooj ob) ntawm lwm tus nrog ib peptide los yog protein chain.
Xav txog qhov no, puas peptide bonds muaj zog dua hydrogen bonds?
Qhov txawv ntawm a peptide daim ntawv cog lus thiab a hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv cov protein molecules? Nws yog ib qho tshuaj muaj zog daim ntawv cog lus thiab tsis yooj yim tawg. A hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog ib tug piv ntau weaker daim ntawv cog lus nruab nrab ntawm ib tug heev electronegative atom thiab hydrogen . Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog 'chemical' daim ntawv cog lus xws li, tab sis tseem ceeb heev.
Peptide bond txhais li cas?
A peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog tshuaj daim ntawv cog lus tsim ntawm ob lub molecules thaum pawg carboxyl ntawm ib lub molecule reacts nrog cov amino pawg ntawm lwm cov molecule, tso ib tug molecule ntawm dej (H2O). Qhov no yog lub cev qhuav dej synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (tseem hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation), thiab feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov amino acids.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas yog daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ionic?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ionic thiab covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tias covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim thaum ob lub atoms sib koom electrons. Ionic bonds yog lub zog uas tuav ua ke electrostatic zog ntawm kev nyiam ntawm cov ions oppositely them. Ionic bonds muaj qhov sib txawv electronegativity ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus lub zog thiab daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog thiab lub zog bonddissociation yog tias lub zog sib txuas yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub zog xav tau los rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm tib ob hom atoms nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txuas whereas daim ntawv cog lus dissociation zog yog tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob xav tau los rhuav tshem ib qho kev sib koom ua ke inhomolysis
Puas yog daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen zoo ib yam li daim ntawv cog lus?
Hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub npe muab rau electrostatic kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tus nqi zoo ntawm hydrogen atom thiab tus nqi tsis zoo ntawm oxygen atom ntawm ib qho chaw nyob sib ze. Covalent daim ntawv cog lus yog qhov sib cuam tshuam electrostatic ntawm ob lub atom hauv tib lub molecule
Dab tsi yog daim ntawv cog lus siab dissociation zog txhais tau li cas?
Lub zog dissociation zog los yog, ntau dua, homolytic bond dissociation zog (cim: BDE) ntawm acovalent daim ntawv cog lus yog lub zog yuav tsum tau ua txhaum lub bond homolytically (saib homolysis) raws li tus qauv. Qhov siab dua qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub zog, qhov kev ruaj khov dua
Nws siv zog npaum li cas los rhuav tshem ib daim ntawv cog lus?
Raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dissociation enthalpy, kom tawg 1 mole ntawm gaseous hydrogen chloride molecules rau cais gaseous hydrogen thiab chlorine atoms yuav siv sij hawm 432 kJ. Daim ntawv cog lus dissociation enthalpy rau H-Cl daim ntawv cog lus yog +432 kJ mol-1. bond enthalpy (kJ mol-1) C-Cl + 346 H-Cl + 432