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Lub hauv paus ntawm amines yog dab tsi?
Lub hauv paus ntawm amines yog dab tsi?

Video: Lub hauv paus ntawm amines yog dab tsi?

Video: Lub hauv paus ntawm amines yog dab tsi?
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Basicity ntawm amines

Amines yog qhov yooj yim vim lawv muaj ib khub ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis sib koom, uas lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov atoms. Cov hluav taws xob tsis sib koom no tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob nyob ib puag ncig ntawm nitrogen atom. Qhov ntau dua qhov electron ceev, qhov yooj yim ntawm cov molecule

Dhau li ntawm no, dab tsi yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm amines?

Aliphatic amines (pKb = 3 txog 4.22) yog cov hauv paus muaj zog tshaj ammonia (pKb = 4.75) vim +I nyhuv ntawm pawg alkyl uas ua rau kom e- ntom ntawm nitrogen atom. Hauv theem gaseous: R3N > R2NH > RNH2 > NH3 (tswj los ntawm +I nyhuv ntawm Alkyl pawg). Arylalkyl amines muaj amine - pab pawg indirectly txuas mus rau aromatic rings.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas tertiary amines yog qhov yooj yim dua? Amines thiab ammonia Qhov no yog vim lub electron pub cov nyhuv ntawm alkyl pawg uas ua rau kom cov electron ceev ntawm nitrogen. Tertiary amines muaj ntau electron pub R pab pawg thiab ua kom cov electron ceev ntawm nitrogen kom ntau dua. Li no lub ntau R pab pawg amine muaj, cov yooj yim dua nws yog.

Hauv qhov no, dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws amine?

Vim tias pawg alkyl pub cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov electronegative nitrogen ntau dua. Cov nyhuv inductive ua rau electron ceev ntawm alkylamine nitrogen ntau dua li cov nitrogen ntawm ammonium . Raws li txoj cai, thawj, theem nrab, thiab tertiary alkyl amines yog qhov yooj yim dua ammonia.

Puas yog amines acidic lossis yooj yim?

Raws li Lewis acid, puag tswvyim, amines tuaj yeem pub ib khub electron, yog li lawv yog Lewis hauv paus. Tsis tas li ntawd, Brønsted-Lowry hauv paus tuaj yeem lees txais ib qho proton los tsim cov ammonium ions hloov. Yog li ntawd, amines yog lub hauv paus raws li Lewis thiab Brønsted-Lowry theories.

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