Video: Kev kho cov noob caj noob ces yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
“ Ib txwm ” kev kho noob caj noob ces muaj peev xwm kov yeej tej yam caj ces kab mob los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntawv luam ntawm a noob uas ploj lawm los yog tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob. Hmoov tsis zoo, txoj hauv kev no tsuas yog siv tau rau ib qho ntawm cov subset caj ces kab mob thiab tsis tshua muaj kev kho mob tas mus li.
Tseem yuav paub yog, dab tsi yog kev kho noob caj noob ces tau siv rau?
Kev tshaj tawm. Kev kho noob caj noob ces hloov qhov yuam kev noob los yog ntxiv ib qho tshiab noob nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sim kho kab mob los yog txhim kho koj lub cev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev kho noob caj noob ces tuav cov lus cog tseg rau kev kho ntau yam kab mob, xws li mob qog noj ntshav, cystic fibrosis, kab mob plawv, ntshav qab zib, hemophilia thiab AIDS.
Dab tsi yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm kev kho gene? Kev kho noob caj noob ces yog kev taw qhia txog noob rau hauv cov hlwb uas twb muaj lawm los tiv thaiv lossis kho ntau yam kab mob. Rau piv txwv , xav tias cov qog hlwb tau tsim los ntawm kev faib cov qog nqaij hlav sai sai. Yog vim li cas cov qog no tsim yog vim qee puas los yog hloov noob.
Tib neeg kuj nug, dab tsi yog kev kho gene?
Kev kho noob caj noob ces yog ib txoj kev sim uas siv noob kho lossis tiv thaiv kab mob. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov txheej txheem no yuav tso cai rau cov kws kho mob los kho qhov teeb meem los ntawm kev ntxig a noob mus rau hauv tus neeg mob lub hlwb es tsis txhob siv tshuaj los yog phais. Inactivating, los yog "knocking," ib tug mutated noob uas ua haujlwm tsis raug.
Thaum twg gene therapy thawj zaug?
Cov ua ntej pom zoo kev kho noob caj noob ces Kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tau tshwm sim rau 14 Cuaj hlis 1990, ntawm National Institutes of Health (NIH), raws li kev coj ntawm William French Anderson. Plaub-xyoo-laus Ashanti DeSilva tau txais kev kho mob rau ib tug caj ces qhov tsis xws luag uas ua rau nws nrog ADA-SCID, ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob loj heev.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces rau kev loj hlob ntawm fetal?
Kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm chromosomes hauv tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub fetus tau mob siab rau qhov txawv txav ntawm chromosomal. Cov noob muaj cov lus qhia rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Qee qhov kev hloov gene ua rau cov gene faulty kom cov lus nyeem tsis raug lossis tsis nyeem tag nrho los ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes
Dab tsi yog txhais los ntawm cov noob tseem ceeb thiab cov noob caj noob ces?
(Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm caj ces, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ib qho uas yog phenotypically qhia hauv heterozygotes). Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tawm tsam qhov tsis zoo uas tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum muaj ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob. (Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus genetic, ib tug recessive zoo yog ib tug uas yog phenotypically qhia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv homozygotes)
Dab tsi yog qhov kev kuaj hla hauv cov noob caj noob ces?
Nyob rau hauv cov noob caj noob ces, ib qho kev sim hla, thawj zaug qhia los ntawm Gregor Mendel, koom nrog kev yug me nyuam ntawm ib tus neeg nrog phenotypically recessive tus neeg, txhawm rau txiav txim siab zygosity ntawm yav dhau los los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov feem ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv phenotypes. Zygosity tuaj yeem yog heterozygous lossis homozygous
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim thiab kev tsim noob caj noob ces?
Artificial xaiv xaiv rau cov yam ntxwv uas twb muaj nyob rau hauv ib hom, whereas genetic engineering tsim cov yam ntxwv tshiab. Hauv kev xaiv dag, cov kws tshawb fawb yug tsuas yog cov tib neeg uas xav tau qhov zoo. Los ntawm kev xaiv kev yug me nyuam, cov kws tshawb fawb muaj peev xwm hloov cov cwj pwm hauv cov neeg. Evolution tau tshwm sim
Yuav ua li cas kho cov noob ib hnub twg los kho cov kab mob caj ces?
Gene therapy, ib txoj kev sim, siv cov noob hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kho ntau yam kab mob. Cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tau sim ntau txoj hauv kev uas cov tshuaj kho noob tuaj yeem siv los kho cov kab mob caj ces. Cov kws kho mob cia siab tias yuav kho cov neeg mob los ntawm kev tso cov noob ncaj qha rau hauv lub cell, hloov qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj lossis kev phais