Video: Muaj pes tsawg qhov kev hloov pauv hloov tau?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
ob hom
Hais txog qhov no, vim li cas kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntau dua?
A kev hloov pauv swaps ib tug purine rau ib tug purine los yog ib tug pyrimidine rau ib tug pyrimidine, thaum lub sij hawm ib tug transversion swaps ib tug purine rau ib tug pyrimidine (los yog vice versa). Qhov tseeb muaj ob zaug ntau qhov kev hloov pauv tau zoo li kev hloov pauv . Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntau dua yooj yim generated vim cov duab ntawm cov molecules.
Qhov thib ob, 4 hom kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus yog dab tsi? Nco ntsoov, koj DNA yog tsim los ntawm plaub Base: adenine, thymine, guanine thiab cytosine. Kev hloov pauv hauv kev txiav txim thiab tus lej ntawm cov hauv paus no tuaj yeem ua rau txawv point mutations , suav nrog frameshift, ntsiag to, tsis muaj tseeb thiab missense.
Yog li ntawd, qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv , nyob rau hauv genetics thiab molecular biology, hais txog a point kev hloov uas hloov cov purine nucleotide mus rau lwm qhov purine (A ↔ G), lossis pyrimidine nucleotide rau lwm pyrimidine (C ↔ T). Kwv yees li ob ntawm peb ib leeg nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) yog kev hloov pauv.
Puas yog kev hloov pauv lossis kev hloov pauv ntau dua?
Kev hloov pauv tsawg dua feem ntau tshaj kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv - lwm hom kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, uas ib qho ntawm ob lub purines lossis pyrimidines hloov pauv rau lwm qhov - vim tias tiam ntawm kev hloov pauv Thaum lub sij hawm replication yuav tsum tau ntau dua distortion ntawm ob helix dua li qhov
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas tom qab kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb?
Kev hloov pauv tom qab kev txhais lus (PTMs) xws li glycosylation thiab phosphorylation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hemostatic proteins thiab tseem ceeb heev hauv kev teeb tsa kab mob. Xws li theem nrab hloov pauv rau cov proteins hemostatic muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov proteins
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov pauv qub txeeg qub teg?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tib neeg ntawm tib hom yog hu ua variation. Qhov no yog inherited variation. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ib puag ncig, lossis ib tus neeg ua dab tsi. Qhov no yog hu ua environmental variation
Muaj pes tsawg hom kev hloov pauv?
Muaj peb hom DNA Mutations: kev hloov pauv hauv paus, tshem tawm thiab ntxig. Ib lub hauv paus hloov pauv yog hu ua point mutations, nco qab qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm Glu -----> Val uas ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav. Point mutations yog hom kev hloov pauv ntau tshaj plaws thiab muaj ob hom
Thaum ib qho kev sib cais ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb nce ntxiv?
Txij li thaum lub kaw lus raug cais tawm, tsis muaj cua sov tuaj yeem khiav tawm (tus txheej txheem yog li adiabatic), yog li thaum lub zog ntws tawm hauv lub cev, qhov entropy ntawm qhov system nce, piv txwv li Δ Ssys> 0. Yog li ntawd, lub entropy ntawm lub system yuav tsum tau nce rau ib tug spontaneous txheej txheem nyob rau hauv no cais system
Dab tsi ua rau muaj qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Point kev hloov. Point mutation, hloov nyob rau hauv ib tug noob nyob rau hauv uas ib tug hauv paus khub nyob rau hauv lub DNA ib theem zuj zus yog hloov. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua yuam kev thaum lub sij hawm DNA replication, txawm hais tias kev hloov pauv ntawm DNA, xws li los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau X-rays lossis rau ultraviolet hluav taws xob, kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv