Video: Cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb hloov pauv li cas?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Cov thawj cov ntawv sau tseg ntawm RNA synthesized los ntawm RNA polymerase II (mRNA) yog hloov kho nyob rau hauv lub nucleus los ntawm peb qhov txawv txav: qhov sib ntxiv ntawm 5 'cap, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm polyadenylic acid (poly-A) tus Tsov tus tw, thiab qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm cov ntu tsis muaj ntaub ntawv.
Raws li txoj cai, daim ntawv teev npe tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
A thawj daim ntawv sau tseg yog ib leeg-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) khoom tsim los ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm DNA, thiab ua tiav kom tau txais ntau yam khoom RNA paub tab xws li mRNAs, tRNAs, thiab rRNAs. Cov thawj cov ntawv sau tseg raug xaiv los ua mRNAs raug hloov kho hauv kev npaj rau kev txhais lus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, dab tsi complex yog lub luag hauj lwm rau tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov thawj transcript? Introns yog tshem tawm los ntawm pre-mRNA los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm a complex hu ua spliceosome. Lub spliceosome yog tsim los ntawm cov proteins thiab RNAs me me uas cuam tshuam rau cov protein-RNA enzymes hu ua me me nuclear ribonucleoproteins lossis snRNPs (hais SNURPS).
Ib yam li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nug, ua ntej mRNA hloov pauv li cas?
Eukaryotic ua ntej - mRNAs feem ntau suav nrog intros. Introns raug tshem tawm los ntawm RNA ua nyob rau hauv uas lub intron yog looped thiab txiav tawm ntawm lub exons los ntawm snRNPs, thiab cov exons yog spliced ua ke los tsim lub translatable. mRNA . Qhov tshwm sim mature mRNA Tej zaum yuav tawm ntawm lub nucleus thiab muab txhais rau hauv cytoplasm.
Yog vim li cas nws yog thawj daim ntawv teev lus hauv prokaryotes?
Ib tug 5 'cap yog ntxiv rau lub prokaryotic cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb cia lub ribosome pib txhais tam sim ntawd. Cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv eukaryotes muaj introns uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Prokaryotes tsis muaj lub hnab ntawv nuclear thiab cov ribosome tuaj yeem pib txhais ua ntej kev sau ntawv xaus.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas cov hnub qub dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Stellar evolution yog tus txheej txheem uas lub hnub qub hloov pauv nyob rau lub sijhawm. Cov hnub qub uas muaj tsawg kawg yog ib nrab ntawm lub hnub tuaj yeem pib tsim lub zog los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm helium ntawm lawv cov tub ntxhais, thaum lub hnub qub ntau dua tuaj yeem sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus hnyav dua raws li cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke
Vim li cas tom qab kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb?
Kev hloov pauv tom qab kev txhais lus (PTMs) xws li glycosylation thiab phosphorylation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hemostatic proteins thiab tseem ceeb heev hauv kev teeb tsa kab mob. Xws li theem nrab hloov pauv rau cov proteins hemostatic muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov proteins
Dab tsi tsim cov roj siab thiab nws hloov pauv li cas nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kinetic zog?
Gas siab yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom siv roj nrog rau sab hauv ntawm lub thawv thaum lawv sib tsoo nrog thiab tawm dag zog rau ntawm phab ntsa ntim. Tom qab ntawd cov roj yog cua sov. Raws li qhov kub ntawm cov roj nce, cov khoom tau nce lub zog kinetic thiab lawv cov nrawm nrawm
Txoj kev faib cov ntaub ntawv twg muab cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov kev tshuaj xyuas hauv txhua chav kawm cov ntaub ntawv?
Quantile. txhua chav kawm muaj cov yam ntxwv sib npaug. Ib qho kev faib tawm ntau yog zoo haum rau cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm. Quantile muab tib tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis rau txhua chav kawm
Peb qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Allele frequencies nyob rau hauv ib tug pej xeem yuav hloov vim plaub lub hauv paus zog ntawm evolution: Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Mutations thiab Gene Flow. Kev hloov pauv yog qhov kawg ntawm cov alleles tshiab hauv cov noob caj noob ces. Ob ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog: Natural Selection thiab Genetic Drift