Video: Vim li cas kev ntxig thiab tshem tawm hu ua frameshift mutations?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Piav vim li cas ntxig thiab tshem tawm yog hu ua frameshift mutations siv cov ntsiab lus nyeem ncej, codons, thiab amino acids hauv koj cov lus teb. Lawv yog hu ua frameshift mutations vim qhov kev nyeem ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb hloov. Ua ntej ntawm qhov sib lawv liag kev tshem tawm los yog kev ntxig tshwm sim, qhov ntau hloov cov protein.
Ib yam li ntawd, vim li cas kev ntxig thiab tshem tawm suav tias yog kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
A frameshift kev hloov yog caj ces kev hloov pauv tshwm sim los ntawm a kev tshem tawm los yog kev ntxig nyob rau hauv DNA ib ntus uas hloov txoj kev nyeem ntawv. Yog li ntawd, frameshift kev hloov ua rau cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo nrog cov amino acid tsis raug uas tuaj yeem ntev dua lossis luv dua li cov protein ib txwm.
Tom qab ntawd, lo lus nug yog, vim li cas frameshift mutation muaj teeb meem? Frameshift kev hloov pauv yog cov kev hloov pauv loj tshaj plaws rau cov txheej txheem coding ntawm cov protein. Lawv muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj rau qhov ntev ntawm polypeptide thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas ua rau cov protein tsis ua haujlwm uas feem ntau cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem biochemical ntawm lub cell.
Tsis tas li ntawd, puas yog kev ntxig thiab tshem tawm ib txwm hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Ib qho kev nyeem ntawv muaj cov pab pawg ntawm 3 lub hauv paus uas txhua tus lej rau ib qho amino acid. A frameshift kev hloov Hloov cov pab pawg ntawm cov hauv paus no thiab hloov cov cai rau cov amino acids. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov protein feem ntau tsis ua haujlwm. Insertions , kev tshem tawm , thiab duplications tuaj yeem ua tau frameshift kev hloov.
Cov kab mob dab tsi tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Piv txwv ntawm Cov Kab Mob Uas Los Ntawm Kev Hloov Hloov Hloov
| Kab mob | Ua rau |
|---|---|
| Fragile X Syndrome | Tshaj 200 rov ua dua ntawm cov kab ke CGG hauv cov noob ntawm X chromosome |
| Huntington tus kab mob | Tshaj 40 rov ua dua ntawm CAG hauv cov noob ntawm chromosome plaub |
| Myotonic dystrophy | Tshaj 50 rov ua dua ntawm CTG hauv cov noob ntawm chromosome 19 |
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas peb thiaj li hais txog kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev hais tawm thiab thaum twg peb yuav hais cov kev txwv?
Peb hais txog kev txwv vim nws yuav ua rau qhov sib npaug tsis tau txhais hauv qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm x. Qhov kev txwv ntau tshaj plaws rau cov lus qhia muaj nuj nqis yog N / 0. Qhov no txhais tau tias txhua tus lej muab faib los ntawm xoom tsis tau txhais. Piv txwv li, rau txoj haujlwm f(x) = 6/x², thaum koj hloov x = 0, nws yuav ua rau 6/0 uas tsis tau txhais
Kev tshem tawm chromosome txhais li cas?
Hauv cov noob caj noob ces, kev tshem tawm (tseem hu ua gene deletion, deficiency, lossis deletion mutation) (kos npe: Δ) yog kev hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv caj ces) uas ib feem ntawm chromosome lossis ib ntu ntawm DNA tau tawm thaum lub sijhawm DNA rov ua dua. Txhua tus lej ntawm nucleotides tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, los ntawm ib lub hauv paus mus rau tag nrho cov chromosome
Dab tsi qib ntawm kev ywj pheej tshem tawm qhov kev txwv tangent?
Ib qho kev txwv tangent tshem tawm ib qib ntawm kev txhais lus tawm. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub tog raj kheej thiab lub dav hlau, nws tshem tawm ib qib ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab ib qib kev ywj pheej ntawm kev sib hloov. Sab hauv Cov Haujlwm Thawj qhov xaiv hauv qhov thib ob xaiv ntawm qhov tangent point
Koj yuav daws tau qhov system ntawm peb qhov sib npaug li cas los ntawm kev tshem tawm?
Xaiv ib qho sib txawv ntawm ob qhov sib npaug, hais qhov sib npaug (2) thiab (3), thiab tshem tawm qhov sib txawv. Kev daws qhov system tsim los ntawm kev sib npaug (4) thiab (5). Tam sim no, hloov z = 3 rau hauv kab zauv (4) kom pom y. Siv cov lus teb los ntawm Kauj Ruam 4 thiab hloov mus rau hauv ib qho kev sib npaug uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntxiv
Puas yog kev tshem tawm ib qho kev hloov pauv?
Kev rho tawm kev hloov pauv tshwm sim thaum ib feem ntawm DNA molecule tsis tau theej thaum lub sijhawm DNA rov ua dua. Hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv ib qho yuam kev tshwm sim hauv ib qho nucleotide. Tag nrho lub hauv paus khub yuav ploj, lossis tsuas yog lub hauv paus nitrogenous ntawm tus tswv strand. Rau cov ntsiab lus tshem tawm, ib qho nucleotide tau raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov sib lawv liag