Cov ntsiab lus twg tau txais lossis poob electrons?
Cov ntsiab lus twg tau txais lossis poob electrons?

Video: Cov ntsiab lus twg tau txais lossis poob electrons?

Video: Cov ntsiab lus twg tau txais lossis poob electrons?
Video: Txiv tshiab muab ntxhais txi nyiaj p2 11/18/2018 2024, Tej zaum
Anonim

Cov ntsiab lus uas yog hlau nyiam poob electrons thiab ua tau zoo them ions hu ua cations. Cov ntsiab lus uas yog nonmetals nyiam nce electrons thiab ua tsis zoo them ions hu ua anions. Cov hlau uas nyob rau hauv kem 1A ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm daim ntawv ions los ntawm poob ib hluav taws xob.

Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus dab tsi xav kom tau txais electrons?

Nonmetals (txoj cai 1/3 ntawm Daim Ntawv Qhia) thaum lawv tsim cov ionic tebchaw ua li ntawd los ntawm kev txais electrons. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias lawv muaj siab ionization energies thiab siab electron affinities (xa mus rau lawv muaj peev xwm mus sau electrons). Thaum lawv tsim ions, lawv yog cov tsis zoo thiab hu ua anions.

Tsis tas li ntawd, pes tsawg electrons yuav nce lossis poob? Tag nrho pawg 1 atom tuaj yeem poob ib hluav taws xob tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ions. Piv txwv li, potassium atoms ua qhov no los tsim ions nrog tib yam hluav taws xob configuration li noble gas argon. Pawg 2 atom poob ob electrons tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ions.

Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus twg plam electrons yooj yim tshaj plaws?

Tshwj xeeb, cesium (Cs) tuaj yeem tso nws qhov valence hluav taws xob ntau yooj yim tshaj lithium (Li). Qhov tseeb, rau cov hlau alkali (the cov ntsiab lus hauv pab pawg 1), qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tso tseg hluav taws xob varies raws li nram no: Cs > Rb > K > Na > Li with Cs the feem ntau yuav, thiab Li qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, yuav poob ib hluav taws xob.

Vim li cas cov ntsiab lus xav tau electrons?

Atoms nce / poob electrons ua kom tiav lawv octet lossis duplet kom ruaj khov. txij thaum noble gases twb tau txais kev ruaj ntseg siab tshaj plaws vim hais tias lawv cov plhaub sab nraud ua tiav, peb tuaj yeem hais tias atoms. xav kom zoo li noble gases kom ruaj khov.

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