Video: Puas yog gene duplication yog kev hloov pauv?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
? Duplication
Duplication yog hom kev hloov pauv uas suav nrog kev tsim ib lossis ntau daim ntawv luam ntawm a noob los yog cheeb tsam ntawm chromosome. Gene thiab chromosome duplications tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kab mob, txawm hais tias lawv yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Gene duplication yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism uas evolution tshwm sim
Ib yam li ntawd, dab tsi ua rau cov noob duplication?
Gene duplication (los yog chromosomal luam tawm los yog noob amplification) yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism los ntawm qhov tshiab caj ces Cov khoom yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm molecular evolution. Cov peev txheej ntawm gene duplications muaj xws li ectopic recombination, retrotransposition tshwm sim, aneuploidy, polyploidy, thiab replication slippage.
Ib tug kuj yuav nug, puas yog duplication ib qho kev hloov pauv? A luam tawm muaj ib daim DNA uas txawv txav ib lossis ntau zaus. Hom no kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem hloov qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov protein uas tshwm sim. Frameshift kev hloov pauv . Hom no kev hloov pauv tshwm sim thaum qhov sib ntxiv lossis poob ntawm DNA hauv paus hloov pauv cov noob nyeem ntawv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Gene Amplification puas yog kev hloov pauv?
Amplification implies tias koj muaj ib txwm noob , tab sis muaj ntau ntau ntawm nws. Tab sis qhov thib ob qhov txawv txav yog tias koj muaj noob uas koj yuav pom tib tus nqi ntawm, tab sis muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb kev hloov pauv hauv qhov qub noob.
Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm gene duplication hauv evolution?
Gene duplication yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism kom tau txais cov tshiab noob thiab tsim caj ces novelty nyob rau hauv lub cev. Gene duplication tuaj yeem muab tau tshiab caj ces cov khoom siv rau kev hloov pauv, drift thiab xaiv los ua raws li, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb lossis tshiab noob ua haujlwm.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Kev hloov pauv, hauv molecular biology, yog hais txog kev hloov pauv hauv deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), qhov twg ib qho (ob lub nplhaib) purine hloov pauv rau (ib lub nplhaib) pyrimidine, los yog vice versa
Vim li cas tom qab kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb?
Kev hloov pauv tom qab kev txhais lus (PTMs) xws li glycosylation thiab phosphorylation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hemostatic proteins thiab tseem ceeb heev hauv kev teeb tsa kab mob. Xws li theem nrab hloov pauv rau cov proteins hemostatic muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov proteins
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov pauv qub txeeg qub teg?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tib neeg ntawm tib hom yog hu ua variation. Qhov no yog inherited variation. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ib puag ncig, lossis ib tus neeg ua dab tsi. Qhov no yog hu ua environmental variation
Thaum ib qho kev sib cais ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb nce ntxiv?
Txij li thaum lub kaw lus raug cais tawm, tsis muaj cua sov tuaj yeem khiav tawm (tus txheej txheem yog li adiabatic), yog li thaum lub zog ntws tawm hauv lub cev, qhov entropy ntawm qhov system nce, piv txwv li Δ Ssys> 0. Yog li ntawd, lub entropy ntawm lub system yuav tsum tau nce rau ib tug spontaneous txheej txheem nyob rau hauv no cais system
Puas yog Kalettes hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Kalettes, tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm kale thiab Brussels sprouts, yog cov zaub hybrid tshiab tshaj plaws los ntaus lub khw hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas. Cov veggie tshiab tau tsim los ntawm Tozer Seeds, lub tuam txhab cog zaub hauv tebchaws Askiv uas coj zaub tuaj rau Tebchaws Meskas thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2014. Cov zaub uas tsis yog noob caj noob ces tau siv sijhawm 15 xyoos kom zoo