Txoj cai genetic keeb kwm li cas?

2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36

Biosynthetic expansion. Cov noob caj noob ces loj hlob los ntawm ib qho yooj yim ua ntej code los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm "biosynthetic expansion". Primordial lub neej "nrhiav" tshiab amino acids (piv txwv li, raws li los ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov metabolism) thiab tom qab ntawd muab ib co ntawm cov no mus rau hauv lub machinery. noob caj noob ces coding.

Tib neeg kuj nug, leej twg tsim cov noob caj noob ces?

Lub deciphering ntawm cov noob caj noob ces tau ua tiav los ntawm American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg , Robert W. Holley, thiab Har Gobind Khorana thaum ntxov 1960s.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas txoj cai caj ces tseem ceeb? Cov noob caj noob ces yog (ze li) universal Txawm nyob rau hauv cov kab mob uas tsis siv lub "tus qauv" code , qhov sib txawv me me, xws li kev hloov pauv ntawm cov amino acid encoded los ntawm ib qho kev codon. A noob caj noob ces qhia los ntawm ntau haiv neeg muab tseem ceeb pov thawj rau lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lub neej hauv ntiaj teb.

Kuj kom paub yog, dab tsi cov ntaub ntawv genetic code?

Genetic code yog lub sij hawm peb siv rau txoj kev uas plaub lub hauv paus ntawm DNA --cov A, C, G, thiab Ts -- yog strung ua ke nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas lub cellular machinery, lub ribosome, nyeem tau lawv thiab tig mus rau hauv ib tug protein. Nyob rau hauv cov noob caj noob ces, txhua peb nucleotides nyob rau hauv ib kab suav raws li triplet thiab code rau ib qho amino acid.

Cov kab mob caj ces nyob qhov twg?

Cov Genetic Code yog khaws cia ntawm ib qho ntawm ob txoj kab ntawm DNA molecules raws li cov kab sib txuas, tsis sib tshooj ntawm cov nitrogenous hauv paus Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) thiab Thymine (T). Cov no yog "niam ntawv" ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv uas siv los sau cov " code lus".