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Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehyde?
Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehyde?

Video: Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehyde?

Video: Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehyde?
Video: Leng Yang - Yog Vim Dab Tsi (Official Full Song | Nkauj Tawm Tshiab) 2020/05/24 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Lub polarity ntawm pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm melting point thiab boiling point, solubility, thiab dipole lub sij hawm. Hydrocarbons, cov tebchaw uas muaj tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus hydrogen thiab carbon, yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis muaj polar thiab yog li muaj cov ntsiab lus melting tsawg thiab kub.

Ua raws li qhov no hauv kev xav, dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehydes thiab ketones?

Cov khoom ntawm Aldehydes thiab Ketones Aldehydes thiab ketones tuaj yeem tsim tsis muaj zog hydrogen bonds nrog dej los ntawm carbonyl oxygen atom. Cov tswvcuab qis ntawm ob lub koob (3 carbons lossis tsawg dua) yog soluble hauv dej hauv txhua qhov sib npaug. Raws li qhov ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv, dej solubility txo.

Tsis tas li ntawd, aldehyde molecules zoo li cas? Ob leeg aldehydes thiab ketones muaj ib pawg carbonyl. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv heev zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv no hwm. Ib aldehyde txawv ntawm a ketone lub cev los ntawm muaj ib tug hydrogen atom txuas mus rau pawg carbonyl. Qhov no ua rau cov aldehydes yooj yim heev rau oxidize.

Ntawm no, cov khoom ntawm ketones yog dab tsi?

Yog li, ketones yog nucleophilic ntawm oxygen thiab electrophilic ntawm carbon. Vim tias pawg carbonyl cuam tshuam nrog dej los ntawm hydrogen bonding, ketones feem ntau yog soluble hauv dej ntau dua li cov methylene compounds. Ketones yog hydrogen-bond acceptors.

Cov khoom ntawm cawv yog dab tsi?

Lub cev muaj zog cawv

  • Lub Boiling Point ntawm Cawv. Cawv feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus kub siab dua piv rau lwm cov hydrocarbons uas muaj qhov sib npaug molecular.
  • Solubility ntawm Cawv.
  • Lub Acidity ntawm Cawv.
  • Oxidation ntawm Cawv.
  • Lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Cawv.

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