Puas yog bosons txawv?
Puas yog bosons txawv?

Video: Puas yog bosons txawv?

Video: Puas yog bosons txawv?
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(1) Peb bosons yog tsis paub qhov txawv yog li nws tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev twg. (2) Tsuas muaj ib lub xeev N-particle nrog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm ib lub xeev. (3) Tsis muaj kev txwv ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem nyob hauv tib lub xeev-particle.

Ib yam li ntawd, nws raug nug, qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv thiab qhov txawv yog dab tsi?

Ntawm qhov tob tshaj plaws, cov khoom yog tsis paub qhov txawv yog tias thiab tsuas yog lawv muaj tib lub quantumnumbers (ntau, kiv, thiab nqi). Txawm li cas los xij, hauv statisticalmechanics ib feem ntau kawm txog cov kev xav tau zoo uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom.

Tom qab ntawd, lo lus nug yog, puas yog bosons hais? Fermions thiab bosons . Ib qho fermion yog ib qho particle uas muaj qhov khib ib nrab-tus lej (xws li 1/2, 3/2, thiab lwm yam) tig. Quarks thiab lepton, nrog rau feem ntau sib xyaw cov khoom , zoo li protons thiab neutrons, yog fermions. Bosons yog cov cov khoom uas muaj ib tug integer spin(0, 1, 2).

Tom qab ntawd, puas yog electrons txawv?

!) particle, np. electrons Nyob rau hauv cov khoom, atoms ina roj, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv classical mechanics, hais yog ib txwm paub qhov txawv - yam tsawg kawg nkaus, "trajectories" los ntawm theem chaw tuaj yeem taug qab. Inquantum mechanics, hais tuaj yeem zoo tib yam thiab tsis paub qhov txawv , np. electrons nyob rau hauv ib tug atom los yog atom.

Puas yog tag nrho cov khoom sib npaug?

Peb xav txog qhov ua tau tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yog lub hauv paus zoo ib yam , i.e., belongs rau tib hom. Cov pawg sib txawv, tsub nqi, spins, flavours, lossis xim ces tsuas yog sib txawv ntawm quantum xeev ntawm tib yam particle , ib yam li spin-up thiab spin-down ua.

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