Kev tshem tawm hauv chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Kev tshem tawm hauv chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Video: Kev tshem tawm hauv chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Video: Kev tshem tawm hauv chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Video: Vaj Qhia lus ntuas : Tus pej xeem zoo. 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Hauv genetics, a kev tshem tawm (tseem hu ua gene kev tshem tawm , deficiency, los yog kev tshem tawm mutation) (kos npe: Δ) yog kev hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv caj ces) uas yog ib feem ntawm ib qho chromosome lossis ib ntu ntawm DNA raug tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm DNA rov ua dua. Txhua tus naj npawb ntawm nucleotides tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, los ntawm ib lub hauv paus mus rau tag nrho cov khoom chromosome.

Ua li no, yuav ua li cas thaum tshem tawm ntawm chromosome?

A kev tshem tawm kev hloov pauv tshwm sim thaum ib feem ntawm DNA molecule tsis tau theej thaum lub sij hawm DNA replication. Qhov tsis tau luam tawm no tuaj yeem ua me me li ib qho nucleotide lossis ntau npaum li tag nrho chromosome . Kev poob ntawm DNA no thaum rov ua dua tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob caj ces. Hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv ib qho yuam kev tshwm sim hauv ib qho nucleotide.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev rho tawm thiab luam tawm yog dab tsi? Kev tshem tawm tshwm sim thaum chromosome tawg thiab qee yam khoom siv caj ces ploj. Kev tshem tawm tuaj yeem loj lossis me, thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm chromosome. Duplications . Duplications tshwm sim thaum ib feem ntawm chromosome raug theej ( luam tawm ) ntau zaus.

Ntawm no, dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tshem tawm chromosomal?

46.5 ib. 1 22 q11 Kev tshem tawm Syndrome 22 q11 kev tshem tawm syndrome yog feem ntau tib neeg chromosomal tshem tawm syndrome tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kwv yees li ib tug ntawm 4000-6000 nyob yug (29).

Koj puas tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob nrog lub chromosome uas ploj lawm?

Yog tias lub cev muaj tsawg lossis ntau dhau chromosomes , feem ntau nws yuav tsis ciaj sia mus yug. Tsuas yog qhov twg a tsis muaj chromosome kev zam txim yog thaum X lossis Y chromosome yog ploj lawm . Tus mob no, hu ua Turner syndrome lossis XO, cuam tshuam txog 1 ntawm txhua 2,500 tus poj niam.

Pom zoo: