Video: Cov kws tshawb fawb xav li cas txog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm caj ces?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
“ Cov kws tshawb fawb pib xav hais tias DNA yog ib qho yooj yim molecule yuav ua tau nqa cov ntaub ntawv genetic . Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho kev sim ua los ntawm ntau pawg ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb pib qhia tias qhov tseeb nws yog DNA, tsis yog protein, uas nqa tus cov ntaub ntawv caj ces.
Ib yam li ntawd, tib neeg nug, hom molecule twg cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm caj ces?
DNA
Tsis tas li ntawd, Avery tau ua pov thawj li cas tias DNA tuaj yeem nqa cov ntaub ntawv caj ces? Oswald Avery , Colin MacLeod, thiab Maclyn McCarty tau qhia tias DNA (tsis muaj protein ntau) ua tau hloov cov khoom ntawm cov hlwb, qhia meej txog cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm noob . Avery , MacLeod thiab McCarty tau txheeb xyuas DNA raws li "txoj cai hloov pauv" thaum kawm Streptococcus pneumoniae, cov kab mob uas ua tau ua rau mob ntsws.
Ib yam li ntawd ib tug yuav nug, leej twg pom tias DNA nqa cov ntaub ntawv caj ces?
Fred Griffith
Vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias cov protein yog cov khoom siv caj ces?
los ntawm 1940s cov kws tshawb fawb paub tias chromosomes nqa cov noob caj noob ces khoom thiab muaj DNA thiab protein ntau . Feem ntau cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias protein yog cov khoom siv caj ces vim; cov proteins yog macromolecules nrog zoo heterogeneity thiab kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Me ntsis paub txog nucleic acids.
Pom zoo:
Txoj kev faib cov ntaub ntawv twg muab cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov kev tshuaj xyuas hauv txhua chav kawm cov ntaub ntawv?
Quantile. txhua chav kawm muaj cov yam ntxwv sib npaug. Ib qho kev faib tawm ntau yog zoo haum rau cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm. Quantile muab tib tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis rau txhua chav kawm
Yuav ua li cas cov khoom siv caj ces hauv txhua lub xov tooj tshiab tsim los ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm tes sib piv nrog cov khoom siv caj ces hauv lub xov tooj qub?
Mitosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob lub nuclei uas zoo tib yam rau thawj nucleus. Yog li, ob lub hlwb tshiab tsim tom qab kev faib tawm ntawm tes muaj tib yam khoom siv caj ces. Thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, chromosomes condense los ntawm chromatin. Thaum saib nrog lub microscope, chromosomes pom nyob rau hauv lub nucleus
Dab tsi yog cov cuab yeej lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas tus Kws Tshawb Fawb xav tau los txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nug?
Cov ntaub ntawv raug nug hauv chav kuaj ua txhaum cai yog nruab nrog lub tshuab ntsuas ntsuas, ntsuas cov duab digital, infrared thiab ultraviolet lub teeb ci, cov cuab yeej tshuaj ntsuam video thiab cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshawb pom electrostatic (EDD) thiab cov khoom siv los ua chemistry
Cov txheej txheem dab tsi uas tus kws tshawb fawb siv los tsim ntau cov ntawv luam ntawm DNA xav tau sau rau hauv daim ntawv dawb paug 1?
Molecular Cloning. Cloning tso cai rau tsim ntau cov ntawv luam ntawm cov noob, qhia cov noob, thiab kawm txog cov noob tshwj xeeb. Yuav kom tau txais cov DNA tawg rau hauv cov kab mob hauv cov kab mob hauv daim ntawv uas yuav tau theej lossis nthuav tawm, cov khoom tawg yog thawj zaug tso rau hauv plasmid
Vim li cas peb thiaj xav tau cov kws pab tswv yim txog caj ces?
"Cov kev pab tswv yim txog noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj tus menyuam puas muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev mob caj ces thiab muab kev txhawb nqa ntawm txoj kev thiab pab koj npaj rau kev yug menyuam uas muaj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb." Cov kws pab tswv yim txog noob caj noob ces pab tib neeg kom nkag siab tias kev yug me nyuam, noob caj noob ces thiab kev kho mob li cas hauv tsev neeg