Video: Dab tsi yuav ua rau entropy nce ntxiv hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Entropy kuj nce thaum cov khoom reactants tsim cov khoom ua kua. Entropy nce thaum ib yam khoom tawg mus rau ntau qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem ntawm dissolving nce entropy vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus solute tau sib cais los ntawm ib leeg thaum muaj kev daws teeb meem. Entropy nce raws li kub nce.
Cov lus nug tseem yog, qhov nce hauv entropy txhais li cas?
Entropy yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm randomness los yog tsis meej pem hauv ib qho system. Gases muaj siab dua entropy tshaj li kua, thiab kua muaj siab dua entropy tshaj cov khoom khov. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb hauv lub cev yog qhov kev txiav txim thiab kev tsis sib haum xeeb (tseem hu ua randomness). Siab entropy txhais tau tias siab tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj zog (Daim duab 1).
Ib yam li ntawd, puas entropy nce lossis txo qis thaum lub sijhawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no? Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias muaj pes tsawg lub xeev muaj rau kev faib hluav taws xob nce thaum ib tug molecule splits ua ob. Entropy feem ntau nce thaum a tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim cov molecules ntau dua li nws pib nrog . Entropy feem ntau txo thaum a tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim cov molecules tsawg dua li nws pib nrog.
Hauv qhov no, dab tsi ua rau txo qis hauv entropy?
Thaum ib qho me me ntawm cov cua sov ΔQ ntxiv rau cov khoom ntawm qhov kub thiab txias T, tsis hloov nws qhov kub thiab txias, entropy ntawm cov khoom hloov los ntawm ΔS = ΔQ / T. Thaum tshav kub raug tshem tawm, lub entropy txo , thaum tshav kub yog ntxiv cov entropy nce.
Puas yog entropy zoo lossis tsis zoo?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tshwm sim, raws li nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic H yog tsis zoo , thiab if entropy nce, ces S yog zoo , yog: Total entropy hloov yog zoo , yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua tau. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim, raws li H yog zoo thiab S yog tsis zoo : Tag nrho entropy hloov yog tsis zoo thiab yog li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev zom zaub mov hu ua hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Thaum lub sij hawm zom mov, piv txwv li, decompositionreactions zom cov zaub mov loj rau hauv cov me me los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej molecules. Hom tshuaj no hu ua hydrolysis. Raws li dej absorbs heatenergy, qee lub zog yog siv los rhuav tshem hydrogenbonds
Lub npe rau ib yam khoom tsim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog cov txheej txheem uas cov atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pib rov ua kom muab cov tshuaj sib xyaw tshiab tam sim no hauv cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj pib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj hu ua reactants, thiab cov tshuaj tshiab uas tshwm sim hu ua cov khoom
Yam dab tsi tuaj yeem hloov pauv yog tias koj xav nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj?
Cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog: thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom reactant. concentration los yog siab ntawm ib tug reactant. kub. xwm ntawm cov reactants. muaj/tsis muaj catalyst
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dab tsi yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralization?
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Dab tsi yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug; nyob rau hauv ib qho kev hloov ntawm lub cev muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsos, tsis hnov tsw, los yog cov duab yooj yim ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov teeb meem yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus