Video: Leej twg nrhiav tau kev txhais lus hauv biology?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Lub tswv yim hais tias tRNA yog ib qho adapter molecule yog thawj zaug tau thov los ntawm Francis Crick, co-discoverer ntawm DNA qauv, uas tau ua ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv deciphering cov noob caj noob ces (Crick, 1958). Tsis pub dhau lub ribosome, mRNA thiab aminoacyl-tRNA complexes tau tuav ua ke nyob ze, uas pab txhawb kev sib koom ua ke.
Tom qab ntawd, kev txhais lus ua haujlwm li cas hauv biology?
Hauv molecular biology thiab noob caj noob ces, txhais lus yog cov txheej txheem uas ribosomes nyob rau hauv cytoplasm los yog ER synthesize proteins tom qab cov txheej txheem ntawm transcription ntawm DNA rau RNA nyob rau hauv lub cell lub nucleus. Cov polypeptide tom qab folds rau hauv ib qho active protein thiab ua nws lub luag haujlwm hauv lub cell.
Tom qab ntawd, lo lus nug yog, 3 kauj ruam ntawm kev txhais lus yog dab tsi? Kev txhais lus: Pib, nruab nrab, thiab xaus Kev txhais lus muaj ntau yam zoo tib yam peb ntu, tab sis lawv muaj cov npe zoo dua: pib , elongation , thiab kev txiav txim. Kev pib ("pib"): nyob rau theem no, lub ribosome tau ua ke nrog mRNA thiab thawj tRNA thiaj li pib txhais lus.
Tsuas yog li ntawd, ua li cas thaum lub sijhawm txhais lus?
Kev txhais lus yog cov txheej txheem uas cov protein yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug molecule ntawm messenger RNA (mRNA). Kev txhais lus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug qauv hu ua lub ribosome, uas yog lub Hoobkas rau synthesis ntawm cov proteins.
Dab tsi yog qhov khoom ntawm kev txhais lus?
Cov molecule uas tshwm sim los ntawm txhais lus yog protein - los yog ntau precisely, txhais lus ua kom luv luv ntawm cov amino acids hu ua peptides uas tau stitched ua ke thiab ua cov proteins. Thaum txhais lus , me me cov chaw ua haujlwm protein hu ua ribosomes nyeem cov tub txib RNA sequences.
Pom zoo:
Leej twg tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev tshawb pom lub hauv paus rau kev tsim noob neej?
Thaum Gregor Mendel pib kawm txog kev xeeb tub hauv xyoo 1843, chromosomes tseem tsis tau pom nyob hauv lub tshuab tsom. Tsuas yog nrog cov koob tshuaj zoo dua thiab cov tswv yim zoo thaum lub sijhawm xyoo 1800s tuaj yeem ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm tes pib stains thiab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem subcellular, pom lawv tau ua dab tsi thaum lub sijhawm cell faib (mitosis thiab meiosis)
Thaum twg Gregor Mendel nrhiav tau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib hloov?
Mendel lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim noob neej. Lus Txhais: Ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev yug me nyuam tau tsim los ntawm Gregor Mendel hauv xyoo 1866, raws li nws cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txiv laum huab xeeb los ntawm ib tiam mus rau lwm tiam. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tau hloov kho me ntsis los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav caj ces tom ntej
Henri Becquerel nrhiav tau dab tsi uas ua rau nws tau txais 1903 Nobel nqi zog Nws nrhiav tau dab tsi txog lub caij uranium?
Teb: Henri Becquerel tau txais ib nrab ntawm qhov khoom plig rau nws qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Teb: Marie Curie tau kawm txog cov hluav taws xob ntawm tag nrho cov tebchaw uas muaj cov xov tooj cua paub, suav nrog uranium thiab thorium, uas nws tom qab pom kuj tseem muaj xov tooj cua
Leej twg nrhiav tau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm heredity?
Gregor Mendel
Leej twg yog leej niam leej txiv pab txhawb cytoplasmic qub txeeg qub teg?
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cytoplasmic qub txeeg qub tes, cov teebmeem ntawm niam txiv. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj kev koom tes ntau dua ntawm cytoplasm rau zygote los ntawm niam txiv poj niam dua li txiv neej niam txiv. Feem ntau ovum txhawb ntau cytoplasm rau zygote dua cov phev