Video: Lub npe ntawm lub network loj hauv lub cev yog dab tsi uas tswj cov noob qhia?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
NARRATOR: Cov cim npe no thiab lwm tus tswj cov noob qhia los ntawm lub network loj hauv lub cev hu ua lub epigenome . RANDY JIRTLE: Epigenetics txhais tau tias tsuas yog lub ntsiab lus saum genome.
Ib yam li ntawd, nws raug nug, dab tsi yog epigenetics txhais li cas?
Epigenetics lus txhais tau tias "sab saum toj" los yog "nyob rau saum" noob caj noob ces. Nws hais txog kev hloov kho sab nraud rau DNA uas tig cov noob "rau" lossis "tawm." Cov kev hloov kho no ua tsis hloov DNA ib ntus, tab sis hloov, lawv cuam tshuam li cas cov hlwb "nyeem" cov noob. Piv txwv ntawm epigenetics . Epigenetic hloov pauv lub cev qauv ntawm DNA.
Kuj Paub, dab tsi yog lub npe ntawm cov txheej txheem uas hloov cov noob rau thiab tawm? kev cai gene
Ib yam li ntawd, tib neeg nug, hom nas twg tau kawm los tshawb xyuas cov noob caj noob ces?
Lawv pib nrog khub rog daj nas paub rau cov kws tshawb fawb ua aguti nas , yog li hu vim lawv nqa ib qho tshwj xeeb noob - lub agouti noob -uas ntxiv rau qhov ua rau cov nas ravenous thiab daj ua rau lawv muaj mob qog noj ntshav thiab ntshav qab zib.
Cov tawv nqaij qhov muag cov hniav cov plaub hau thiab lub cev muaj dab tsi?
Koj pom, tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag thiab cov hniav thiab cov plaub hau thiab lub cev tag nrho muaj raws nraim tib yam DNA.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog peb txoj hauv kev uas cov hlwb eukaryotic tuaj yeem tswj cov noob qhia?
Eukaryotic gene qhia tuaj yeem tswj tau ntawm ntau theem Chromatin nkag tau. Cov qauv ntawm chromatin (DNA thiab nws cov txheej txheem proteins) tuaj yeem tswj tau. Kev sau ntawv. Kev hloov pauv yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm rau ntau cov noob. Kev ua haujlwm RNA
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces rau kev loj hlob ntawm fetal?
Kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm chromosomes hauv tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub fetus tau mob siab rau qhov txawv txav ntawm chromosomal. Cov noob muaj cov lus qhia rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Qee qhov kev hloov gene ua rau cov gene faulty kom cov lus nyeem tsis raug lossis tsis nyeem tag nrho los ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes
Dab tsi yog txhais los ntawm cov noob tseem ceeb thiab cov noob caj noob ces?
(Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm caj ces, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ib qho uas yog phenotypically qhia hauv heterozygotes). Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tawm tsam qhov tsis zoo uas tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum muaj ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob. (Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus genetic, ib tug recessive zoo yog ib tug uas yog phenotypically qhia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv homozygotes)
Lub npe ntawm cov enzyme uas catalyzes ntawm cov synthesis ntawm mRNA Strand yog dab tsi?
MRNA yog "tus tub txib" RNA. mRNA yog synthesized nyob rau hauv lub nucleus siv cov nucleotide ib theem zuj zus ntawm DNA ua ib tug template. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj nucleotide triphosphates ua substrates thiab yog catalyzed los ntawm enzyme RNA polymerase II. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua mRNA los ntawm DNA yog hu ua transcription, thiab nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub nucleus
Dab tsi yog cov noob uas tswj lub voj voog ntawm tes?
Ob chav kawm ntawm cov noob, oncogenes thiab qog suppressor noob, txuas cell voj voog tswj mus rau qog tsim thiab kev loj hlob. Oncogenes nyob rau hauv lawv lub xeev proto-oncogene tsav lub voj voog ntawm tes mus rau pem hauv ntej, tso cai rau cov hlwb los ntawm ib lub voj voog ntawm tes mus rau lwm qhov