Video: Dab tsi yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob ntawm chromosome?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Hauv cov noob caj noob ces, locus (plural loci) yog a tshwj xeeb , tsau txoj hauj lwm ntawm a chromosome qha a tshwj xeeb gene los yog caj ces marker yog nyob.
Ua li no, qhov chaw ntawm cov noob ntawm ib chromosome yog dab tsi?
Cov noob ntawm ib leeg chromosome tau teem caij nyob rau hauv ib ntus, thiab txhua noob muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb qhov chaw ntawm chromosome (hu ua nws locus). Ntxiv nrog rau DNA, chromosomes muaj lwm yam tshuaj uas cuam tshuam noob muaj nuj nqi.
Ib yam li ntawd, koj yuav txheeb xyuas cov chromosomes li cas? Nyob rau hauv ib tug muab hom, chromosomes tuaj yeem yog txheeb xyuas los ntawm lawv tus lej, qhov loj me, txoj haujlwm centromere, thiab cov qauv banding. Hauv tib neeg karyotype, autosomes lossis lub cev chromosomes ” (Txhua yam tsis yog poj niam txiv neej chromosomes ) feem ntau yog tsim nyob rau hauv kwv yees li ntawm qhov loj los ntawm qhov loj tshaj ( chromosome 1) mus rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ( chromosome 22).
Kuj paub yog, cov noob nyob qhov twg?
Lawv pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub cell lub nucleus thiab yog tsim los ntawm strands ntawm DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Ntu ntawm DNA hu ua "genes" yog cov khoom xyaw. Txhua tus noob ntxiv ib qho protein tshwj xeeb rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Proteins tsim, tswj thiab tswj koj lub cev.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm chromosome 13 yog dab tsi?
Chromosome 13 yog qhov loj tshaj plaws acrocentric tib neeg chromosome . Nws nqa cov noob koom nrog hauv kev mob qog noj ntshav nrog rau hom mob cancer mis 2 (BRCA2) thiab retinoblastoma (RB1) cov noob, feem ntau rov kho dua hauv B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, thiab muaj DAOA locus txuam nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws bipolar thiab schizophrenia.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob caj noob ces rau kev loj hlob ntawm fetal?
Kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm chromosomes hauv tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub fetus tau mob siab rau qhov txawv txav ntawm chromosomal. Cov noob muaj cov lus qhia rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob. Qee qhov kev hloov gene ua rau cov gene faulty kom cov lus nyeem tsis raug lossis tsis nyeem tag nrho los ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes
Dab tsi yog txhais los ntawm cov noob tseem ceeb thiab cov noob caj noob ces?
(Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm caj ces, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ib qho uas yog phenotypically qhia hauv heterozygotes). Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tawm tsam qhov tsis zoo uas tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum muaj ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob. (Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus genetic, ib tug recessive zoo yog ib tug uas yog phenotypically qhia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv homozygotes)
Dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom uas txav ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw ntawm - 12 m?
Kev piav qhia: Qhov kev txav ntawm ib qho khoom txav ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw ntawm − 12 m yog 12 meters. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws txoj hauj lwm yog hu ua displacement ntawm ib yam khoom. Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib nthwv dej yog hu ua crest thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus hloov pauv yog hu ua trough
Dab tsi yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov noob caj noob ces thiab chromosomes hauv kev xeeb tub?
Heredity plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev loj hlob ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab kis tau los ntawm cov noob. Cov yam ntxwv uas peb tau txais los pab txhim kho peb tus cwj pwm, txiav txim siab los ntawm khub niam txiv, ib qho los ntawm txhua tus niam txiv. Cov noob muaj nyob hauv cov qauv zoo li hu ua chromosomes, uas yog tsim los ntawm DNA
Peb lub neej yog dab tsi thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi?
Peb lub npe suav nrog: Archaea - cov npe qub tshaj plaws, cov kab mob qub. Cov kab mob - tag nrho lwm cov kab mob uas tsis suav nrog hauv Archaea domain. Eukarya - tag nrho cov kab mob uas muaj eukaryotic los yog muaj cov kab mob sib txuas thiab cov nuclei