Video: Dab tsi yog qhov ntsuas phoo thiab tus qauv tseem ceeb rau cov enzymes?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Qhov tshwj xeeb ua ntawm ib enzyme nrog ib qho substrate tuaj yeem piav qhia siv a Xauv thiab Key Kev sib piv thawj zaug tau tshaj tawm hauv 1894 los ntawm Emil Fischer. Hauv qhov piv txwv no, tus xauv yog cov enzyme thiab cov tus yuam sij yog lub substrate. Tsuas yog qhov loj me xwb tus yuam sij (substrate) haum rau hauv tus yuam sij qhov (active site) ntawm lub xauv ( enzyme ).
Xav txog qhov no, qhov ntsuas phoo thiab qhov tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Cov xauv thiab tus qauv tseem ceeb kuj hu ua Fisher txoj kev xav yog ib qho ntawm ob qauv uas piav qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm enzyme-substrate. Cov xauv thiab tus qauv tseem ceeb xav tias qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme thiab cov substrate yog sib npaug. Nws xav tias lub substrate haum txig rau hauv qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv ntawm kev ua enzyme yog dab tsi? Ob tug qauv piav qhia txog kev ua ntawm cov enzymes nrog substrates yog Xauv thiab Key qauv & Induced haum qauv . Nws qhia tau hais tias nws yog kev khi ntawm lub substrate rau enzyme uas ua rau lub chaw nquag hloov mus rau hauv cov duab ntxiv thiab tso cai rau cov enzyme - substrate complex rau tsim.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas nws thiaj li hu ua lub xauv thiab tus qauv tseem ceeb?
Enzymes tsuas yog tso cai rau kev khi ntawm cov molecules uas tuaj yeem haum rau hauv lawv qhov chaw nquag. Raws li, cov chaw nquag no (yuav ua tau npe locks ) yog tshwj xeeb heev thiab tsuas yog ob peb molecules (yuav ua tau hu ua key ) tuaj yeem khi lawv, qhov no qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm enzymes hu ua Lock and Key tshuab.
Cov cuab yeej ntawm enzyme ua qhov ntsuas phoo thiab qhov tseem ceeb thiab ua kom haum cov qauv piav qhia?
Cov xauv -thiab- tus qauv tseem ceeb portrays ib enzyme raws li conformationally nruj thiab muaj peev xwm sib txuas tsuas yog rau substrates uas raws nraim haum qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Cov induced haum qauv portrays cov enzyme qauv raws li ntau saj zawg zog thiab yog complementary rau lub substrate tsuas yog tom qab lub substrate yog khi.
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