Dab tsi yog tag nrho geometry ntawm lub nplhaib benzene?
Dab tsi yog tag nrho geometry ntawm lub nplhaib benzene?

Video: Dab tsi yog tag nrho geometry ntawm lub nplhaib benzene?

Video: Dab tsi yog tag nrho geometry ntawm lub nplhaib benzene?
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Anonim

Lub nplhaib benzene muaj rau carbon atoms bonded nyob rau hauv ib tug ca los yog planar hexagon nplhaib. Txhua cov pa roj carbon yog sib koom ua ke rau ib qho hydrogen vim yog peb qhov sib hloov ob daim ntawv cog lus. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias txhua cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog sib koom ua ke rau 3 lwm tus thiab ib lub pob txha ob leeg. Yog li cov molecular geometry ntawm txhua carbon yog trigonal txoj kev.

Ua kom pom qhov no, lub nplhaib benzene zoo li cas?

Feem ntau ntsib aromatic compound yog tshuaj benzene . Cov qauv qauv ib txwm muaj rau tshuaj benzene yog 6 carbon nplhaib (sawv cev los ntawm hexagon) uas suav nrog peb ob daim ntawv cog lus. Lwm lub cim siv lub voj voog hauv lub hexagon los sawv cev rau 6 pi electrons.

Ib yam li ntawd, lub kaum sab xis ntawm benzene yog dab tsi? Benzene yog ib tug planar tsis tu ncua hexagon, nrog daim ntawv cog lus cov ces kaum ntawm 120 °. Qhov no tau piav qhia yooj yim. Nws yog ib txwm hexagon vim tag nrho cov daim ntawv cog lus zoo ib yam. Lub delocalisation ntawm cov electrons txhais tau hais tias tsis muaj alternating ob thiab ib leeg daim ntawv cog lus.

Ua kom pom qhov no, vim li cas benzene tsim lub nplhaib?

Yog li muaj tsis txaus daim ntawv ob daim ntawv cog lus rau tag nrho cov pa roj carbon atoms, tab sis cov "ntxiv" electrons ua ntxiv dag zog rau tag nrho cov bonds ntawm lub nplhaib sib npaug. Qhov tshwm sim molecular orbital muaj À symmetry. Qhov no delocalisation ntawm electrons yog hu ua aromaticity, thiab muab tshuaj benzene zoo stability.

benzene tsw zoo li cas?

Benzene muaj qab zib, aromatic, roj av- nyiam tsw. Cov neeg feem coob tuaj yeem pib tsw benzene nyob rau hauv huab cua ntawm 1.5 mus rau 4.7 ppm. Cov ntxhiab tsw pib feem ntau muab cov lus ceeb toom txaus rau qhov muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai tab sis tsis txaus rau qhov kis tau ntev dua.

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