Video: Dab tsi yog prefix hauv organic chemistry?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
A ua ntej mus rau lub npe los ua ntej lub molecule. Cov ua ntej ntawm lub molecule lub npe yog raws li tus naj npawb ntawm carbon atoms. Piv txwv li, ib tug saw ntawm rau carbon atoms yuav muab npe siv lub ua ntej hex-. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe yog qhov xaus uas siv los piav txog cov hom tshuaj bonds nyob rau hauv lub molecule.
Hauv qhov no, dab tsi yog prefix hauv chemistry?
Thaum lub npe hu ua molecular compounds ua ntej yog siv los txiav txim tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom muab tam sim no hauv qhov sib xyaw. "mono-" qhia ib, "di-" qhia ob, "tri-" yog peb, "tetra-" yog plaub, "penta-" yog tsib, thiab "hexa-" yog rau, "hepta-" yog xya, "octo-" yog yim, "nona-" yog cuaj, thiab "deca" yog kaum.
Tom qab ntawd, lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog txoj cai rau npe cov organic tebchaw? Cov kev cai no tau nyuaj, tab sis peb tau sim ua kom yooj yim rau lawv siv 6 kauj ruam:
- Nrhiav qhov ntev tshaj plaws carbon saw nyob rau hauv peb lub compound.
- Sau npe tias niam txiv saw (nrhiav lo lus hauv paus)
- Xav txog qhov kawg.
- Sau koj cov pa roj carbon atom.
- Sau npe cov pab pawg sab.
- Muab cov pab pawg nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau.
Ntawm no, qhov ua ntej ISO txhais li cas hauv cov tshuaj chemical?
Cov npe iso -, uas sawv cev rau isomer, yog feem ntau muab rau 2-methyl alkanes. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias muaj yog methyl pawg nyob rau ntawm cov pa roj carbon thib ob ntawm cov saw hlau, peb ua tau siv lub npe iso -. Cov ua ntej yuav muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub npe alkane uas qhia tag nrho cov pa roj carbon.
Dab tsi yog qhov hloov pauv hauv organic chemistry?
Hauv organic chemistry thiab biochemistry, a hloov yog ib qho atom lossis pab pawg ntawm cov atoms uas hloov ib lossis ntau dua hydrogen atoms ntawm cov niam txiv saw ntawm hydrocarbon, dhau los ua moiety ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tshiab molecule. Cov nyhuv polar exerted los ntawm a hloov yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov nyhuv inductive thiab cov nyhuv mesomeric.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov chemistry thiab organic chemistry?
Organic chemistry yog suav tias yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm chemistry. Thaum lub sij hawm lub kaus dav dav 'chemistry' yog kev txhawj xeeb nrog kev sib xyaw thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm txhua yam teeb meem, cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tsuas yog txwv rau kev kawm ntawm cov organic tebchaw xwb
Dab tsi yog ISO thiab Neo hauv organic chemistry?
Lub prefix 'iso' yog siv thaum tag nrho cov carbons tshwj tsis yog tsim cov saw txuas ntxiv. Cov ntawv ua ntej 'neo' yog siv thaum tag nrho tab sis ob lub carbons tsim cov saw txuas txuas ntxiv, thiab ob qho carbons no yog ib feem ntawm pawg davhlau ya nyob twg tert-butyl
Dab tsi yog stereoisomers hauv organic chemistry?
Stereoisomerism yog qhov kev npaj ntawm cov atoms hauv cov molecules uas nws qhov kev sib txuas tseem zoo ib yam tab sis lawv qhov chaw nyob sib txawv hauv txhua isomer. Ob hom stereoisomerism yog: DiaStereomerism (xws li 'cis-trans isomerism') Optical Isomerism (tseem hu ua 'enantiomerism' thiab 'chirality')
Dab tsi yog recrystallization hauv organic chemistry?
Hauv chemistry, recrystallization yog cov txheej txheem siv los ntxuav cov tshuaj. Los ntawm dissolving ob qho tib si impurities thiab ib tug compound nyob rau hauv ib tug tsim nyog cov kuab tshuaj, tog twg los xav tau compound los yog impurities yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj, tawm hauv lwm yam
Dab tsi yog enantiomers hauv organic chemistry?
Enantiomers yog chiral molecules uas yog daim iav duab ntawm ib leeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov molecules yog non-superimposable ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov molecules tsis tuaj yeem muab tso rau saum ib leeg thiab muab tib lub molecule. Nws yog qee zaum nyuaj los txiav txim siab seb puas los yog tsis yog ob lub molecules yog enantiomers