Video: Lub pharmacological tseem ceeb ntawm enantiomers yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tshuaj cov enantiomers hauv kev kho mob kws tshuaj . Williams K, Lee E. Qhov kev txiav txim asymmetry ntawm cov roj ntsha macromolecules tso cai rau lawv sib txawv ntawm cov isomers optical ntawm monomeric substrates.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas enantiomers tseem ceeb?
Lub molecule tau hais tias yog chiral yog tias nws tuaj yeem muaj nyob ua isomers (hu ua cov enantiomers ) uas yog nonsuperimposable iav dluab ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no yog tseem ceeb vim hais tias cov lus teb ntawm cov kab mob mus rau ib qho molecule feem ntau nyob ntawm seb qhov molecule haum rau ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm ib qho receptor molecule hauv lub cev.
Kuj Paub, kev siv isomerism yog dab tsi? Tshuaj isomerism tau qhib lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm kev txhim kho tshuaj. Tam sim no, kev paub txog isomerism tau pab peb hauv kev qhia txog kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo dua lwm yam tshuaj tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj tshiab thiab cov tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm. Ntau cov tshuaj uas twb muaj lawm tau mus chiral hloov piv txwv li, hloov ntawm racemic sib tov mus rau ib qho ntawm nws isomers.
Hais txog qhov no, vim li cas stereochemistry tseem ceeb hauv pharmacology?
Stereochemistry suav nrog txoj hauv kev los txiav txim siab thiab piav txog cov kev sib raug zoo no; Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev lossis cov khoom siv lom neeg cov kev sib raug zoo no cuam tshuam rau cov molecules hauv nqe lus nug thiab yuav ua li cas cov kev sib raug zoo no cuam tshuam rau cov reactivity ntawm molecules hauv nqe lus nug (dynamic stereochemistry ).
Vim li cas cov teebmeem ntawm enantiomers txawv li ntawd?
Enantiomers nquag muaj ntau txawv Kev ua haujlwm lom neeg vim lawv khi rau receptors hauv lub cev uas kuj yog chiral. Enantiomers kuj txawv ntawm txoj kev uas lawv cuam tshuam lub teeb polarized. Ordinary teeb muaj lub teeb vibrating uniformly nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txawv dav hlau perpendicular mus rau cov kev taw qhia nws tsiv.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev taw qhia ntawm tes los ntawm kev sib cuag lub cev ncaj qha?
Kev taw qhia kuj tshwm sim ntawm cov hlwb uas yog kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov proteins ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov cwj pwm ntawm tes. Piv txwv li, cov proteins nyob rau saum npoo ntawm T-cells thiab antigen nthuav tawm cov hlwb sib cuam tshuam los ua kom muaj kev taw qhia hauv T-cells
Ob qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes yog dab tsi thiab dab tsi tshwm sim rau lub cell hauv txhua theem?
Muaj ob theem tseem ceeb hauv lub voj voog ntawm tes. Thawj theem yog interphase thaum lub cell loj hlob thiab replicates nws DNA. Qhov thib ob yog theem mitotic (M-Phase) thaum lub sijhawm cell faib thiab hloov ib daim qauv ntawm nws cov DNA mus rau ob lub hlwb zoo tib yam
Dab tsi yog 2 qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub voj voog ntawm tes thiab dab tsi tshwm sim rau lub cell hauv txhua theem?
Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qhov tseem ceeb: interphase (hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev sib faib theem ua pawg G1 theem, S theem, G2 theem), thaum lub xov tooj ntawm tes tsim thiab ua nrog nws cov haujlwm metabolic; mitotic theem (M mitosis), thaum lub sij hawm lub cell yog replicating nws tus kheej
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb pom kev ntawm photosynthesis yog dab tsi?
Lub luag haujlwm tag nrho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub teeb, thawj theem ntawm photosynthesis, yog hloov lub hnub ci zog rau hauv cov tshuaj siv hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm NADPH thiab ATP, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb-yooj yim tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab roj sib sau ua ke ntawm qab zib molecules
Dab tsi yog qhov flux los ntawm lub voos xwmfab ntawm sab yog tias tus nqi ntawm Q yog ntawm ib qho ntawm nws lub ces kaum?
Raws li peb paub tias, tag nrho cov flux los ntawm tus nqi q yog q / ε 0 (Gauss txoj cai). Yog hais tias tus nqi yog nyob rau ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm lub voos xwmfab, ib co ntawm cov flux nkag mus rau hauv lub voos xwmfab thiab tawm los ntawm ib co ntawm nws lub ntsej muag. Tab sis qee qhov flux tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub voos xwmfab. Qhov 1/8th no yuav muab faib ua 3 ntu dua