Dab tsi yog electron plhaub ntawm lub atom?
Dab tsi yog electron plhaub ntawm lub atom?

Video: Dab tsi yog electron plhaub ntawm lub atom?

Video: Dab tsi yog electron plhaub ntawm lub atom?
Video: ana kub xyoo/ lub peem xwm yog txiav plaub haus / yog ib tug txiv neej keej heev #5 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Ib electron plhaub yog sab nraud ntawm ib qho atom nyob ib ncig ntawm atomic nucleus. Nws yog qhov chaw hluav taws xob s yog, thiab yog ib pawg ntawm atomic orbitals nrog tib tus nqi ntawm tus thawj xibfwb quantum naj npawb n.

Raws li, muaj pes tsawg lub plhaub ntawm electrons?

Txhua plhaub tuaj yeem muaj tus lej tas li ntawm electrons : Cov ua ntej plhaub tuaj yeem tuav tau ob electrons , tus thib ob plhaub tuaj yeem tuav txog yim (2 + 6) electrons , tus peb plhaub tuaj yeem tuav txog 18 (2 + 6 + 10) thiab lwm yam. Cov general formula yog li ntawd tus nth plhaub ua tau hauv txoj cai tuav txog 2(n2) electrons.

Qhov thib ob, KLMN plhaub yog dab tsi? K qhia txog thawj plhaub (los yog qib zog), L thib ob plhaub , M, peb plhaub , thiab lwm yam. Hauv lwm lo lus, lub KLMN (OP) sau ntawv tsuas yog qhia tus naj npawb ntawm cov electrons ib lub atom muaj nrog txhua tus lej quantum (n). Daim ntawv SPDF subdivides txhua plhaub nyob rau hauv nws subshells.

Khaws qhov no hauv kev xav, dab tsi yog electron plhaub thiab orbitals?

Txhua electron plhaub muaj ib los yog ntau subshells, thiab txhua subshell muaj ib los yog ntau tshaj orbitals . Nws feem ntau tau hais tias electrons hauv ib yam electron plhaub muaj cov qib zog tib yam. Piv txwv li, lub s orbitals hauv thawj peb electron plhaub yuav raug xa mus raws li 1s, 2s thiab 3s orbitals.

Vim li cas tsuas muaj 2 electrons nyob rau hauv thawj lub plhaub?

Qhov no thawj lub plhaub muaj nkaus xwb ib subshell (labeled 1s) thiab muaj peev xwm tuav tau qhov siab tshaj plaws 2 electrons . Qhov no yog vim li cas muaj ob lub ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ua ntej kab ntawm lub rooj zaum (H & Nws). Vim lub thawj lub plhaub ua tau nkaus xwb tuav lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm 2 electrons , peb hluav taws xob yuav tsum mus rau qhov thib ob plhaub.

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