Video: Yuav ua li cas rau cov protein tom qab kev txhais lus?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Protein Folding
Tom qab tau txhais los ntawm mRNA, tag nrho cov proteins pib tawm ntawm ribosome raws li cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov amino acids. Ntau cov proteins quav spontaneously, tab sis ib co cov proteins xav tau tus pab molecules, hu ua chaperones, los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm aggregating thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev nyuaj ntawm folding
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov protein mus qhov twg tom qab kev txhais lus?
Cov protein uas ua tsis muaj lub teeb liab peptide nyob hauv cytosol rau tus so txhais lus . Yog tias lawv tsis muaj lwm "cov ntawv sau npe," lawv yuav nyob hauv cytosol mus tas li. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lawv muaj cov ntawv sau zoo, lawv tuaj yeem xa mus rau mitochondria, chloroplasts, peroxisomes, lossis nucleus. tom qab kev txhais lus.
Yuav ua li cas thaum kawg ntawm kev txhais lus? Kev txhais lus xaus rau hauv tus txheej txheem hu ua kev txiav txim . Kev txiav txim yuav tshwm sim thaum nres codon hauv mRNA (UAA, UAG, lossis UGA) nkag mus rau A site. Nres codons raug lees paub los ntawm cov proteins hu ua cov khoom tso tawm, uas haum zoo rau hauv P site (tab sis lawv tsis yog tRNAs).
Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav ua li cas tom qab kev txhais lus ntawm cov protein synthesis?
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm txhais lus , mRNA txuas rau lub ribosome. Tom ntej no , tRNA molecules shuttle cov amino acids tsim nyog rau ribosome, ib-los-ib, coded los ntawm sequential triplet codons ntawm mRNA, mus txog rau thaum protein ntau yog tag nrho ua ke . Thaum twg ua tiav, mRNA tshem tawm ntawm ribosome, thiab protein ntau tso tawm.
Yuav ua li cas rau cov protein tom qab lawv tsim?
Cov protein yog cov saw ntev ntawm cov amino acids, thiab tus raws nraim li cas ntawm tus amino acids txiav txim tus kawg qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov protein . Thaum kawg, thaum txiav tawm, tus ribosome unbinds los ntawm tus mRNA, thiab tus amino acid saw mus rau yuav tsum tau ua thiab folded ua tus kawg, ua haujlwm protein ntau.
Pom zoo:
Cov protein twg yuav tsum tau ua rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm txoj hmoo tom qab hauv Drosophila embryo?
Bicoid Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, yuav ua li cas anterior thiab posterior ncej txiav txim nyob rau hauv ib tug embryo? Cov sab hauv - tom qab axis ua lub embryo yog li no teev los ntawm peb pawg ntawm cov noob: cov uas txhais cov sab hauv organize center, cov uas txhais cov tom qab koom chaw, thiab cov uas txhais lub davhlau ya nyob twg ciam teb cheeb tsam.
Vim li cas tom qab kev hloov pauv kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb?
Kev hloov pauv tom qab kev txhais lus (PTMs) xws li glycosylation thiab phosphorylation ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm hemostatic proteins thiab tseem ceeb heev hauv kev teeb tsa kab mob. Xws li theem nrab hloov pauv rau cov proteins hemostatic muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lawv lub peev xwm los cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov proteins
Nws txhais li cas los sau koj cov lus teb nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm pi?
Cov lus teb meej txhais tau tias koj tsis xav tau lub tshuab xam zauv, tsuas yog tso koj cov lus teb kawg uas qhia txog Pi. Lub voj voog ntawm lub voj voog tuaj yeem pom siv cov qauv C = Pid. C yog qhov ncig (qhov perimeter) thiab d yog txoj kab uas hla. Yog li hauv paus koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau muab txoj kab uas hla los ntawm Pi
Lub qab ntuj khwb loj npaum li cas tom qab lub Big Bang?
Thaum lub sijhawm nce nyiaj nce mus txog 10 − ntawm ib thib ob tom qab Big Bang, lub ntiaj teb tam sim ntawd nthuav dav, thiab nws qhov ntim tau nce los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 1078 (qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 1026 hauv txhua qhov ntawm peb qhov loj me. ), sib npaug rau nthuav ib yam khoom 1 nanometer (10− 9 m, txog ib nrab ntawm
Puas yog cov ntsiab lus uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo sib xws yuav pom nyob rau tib lub sijhawm lossis hauv tib pab pawg piav qhia koj cov lus teb?
Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov tshuaj muaj zog nyob ntawm tsis muaj valence electrons. Raws li nyob rau hauv ib pawg tag nrho cov ntsiab lus muaj tib yam tsis muaj valence electron uas yog vim li cas lawv muaj cov tshuaj zoo sib xws tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm tsis muaj valence electron sib txawv uas yog vim li cas lawv txawv nyob rau hauv chemical zog