Vim li cas cov pab pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb?
Vim li cas cov pab pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb?

Video: Vim li cas cov pab pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb?

Video: Vim li cas cov pab pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb?
Video: vim li cas pawg ntseeg pheej tsis sib haum xeeb li yuav ua li cas 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau qhov sib txawv pab pawg , xws li aldehydes, ketones, esters, thiab ntau ntxiv. A carbonyl pawg tuaj yeem ua kom lub melting los yog boiling point ntawm ib tug compound. Nws tau piav raws li polar thiab reactive, thiab tus nqi tsis zoo thiab zoo ntawm a carbonyl pab txhawb rau polarity.

Yog li ntawd, pawg carbonyl ua dab tsi?

Nyob rau hauv biology, a carbonyl pawg nyob rau hauv ib qho molecule tso cai rau nws mus rau ntau yam kev cuam tshuam tsim nyog los tswj lub neej. Muaj ntau hom roj ntsha molecules muaj a carbonyl pawg , uas tso cai rau lub cell muaj peev xwm tsim tshiab molecules thiab hloov cov molecule nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam functional pab pawg.

Ib sab saum toj no, pawg carbonyl tsim li cas? Nyob rau hauv carboxylic acids thiab lawv derivatives, lub carbonyl pawg yog txuas rau ib qho ntawm halogen atoms los yog rau pab pawg muaj cov atom xws li oxygen, nitrogen, lossis sulfur. Cov atoms no cuam tshuam rau carbonyl pawg , tsim kev ua haujlwm tshiab pab pawg nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov xwm txheej ntawm carbonyl pawg yog dab tsi?

A carbonyl pawg yog chemically organic ua haujlwm pab pawg tsim los ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom muab ob npaug rau cov pa oxygen atom [C = O] Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws carbonyl pawg yog aldehydes thiab ketones feem ntau txuas rau lwm cov pa roj carbon. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntau yam aromatic tshuaj sib xyaw contributing rau tsw thiab saj.

Vim li cas carbonyl pawg reactive?

Vim muaj ntau dua electronegativity ntawm oxygen, lub carbonyl pawg yog polar, thiab aldehydes thiab ketones muaj lub sij hawm loj molecular dipole (D) dua li alkenes. Lub polarity ntawm carbonyl pawg kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev rau nws cov tshuaj reactivity , piv nrog cov tsis-polar ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm alkenes.

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