Dab tsi yog gene duplication hauv biology?

2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36

Gene duplication (los yog chromosomal luam tawm los yog noob amplification) yog ib tug loj mechanism los ntawm uas tshiab caj ces cov khoom yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm molecular evolution. Nws tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog ib qho twg luam tawm ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm DNA uas muaj a noob.

Ua kom pom qhov no, dab tsi yog duplication hauv biology?

Duplication duplication yog hom kev hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim ib lossis ntau daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob lossis thaj tsam ntawm chromosome. Gene thiab chromosome duplications tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kab mob, txawm hais tias lawv yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Gene luam tawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism uas evolution tshwm sim.

Qhov thib ob, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov noob duplication hauv evolution yog dab tsi? Gene duplication yog ib qho tseem ceeb mechanism kom tau txais cov tshiab noob thiab tsim caj ces novelty nyob rau hauv lub cev. Gene duplication tuaj yeem muab tau tshiab caj ces cov khoom siv rau kev hloov pauv, drift thiab xaiv los ua raws li, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb lossis tshiab noob ua haujlwm.

Dhau li ntawm no, yuav ua li cas gene duplication tshwm sim?

Daim duab 1: Gene duplication tshwm sim hauv a noob raug theej hauv ib lub cev genome . Gene duplication tshwm sim thaum ib daim ntawv ntxiv ntawm a noob yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub cev genome . Qee zaum, lub luam tawm ua rau qhov nce ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm tshiab, tab sis nyob rau lwm qhov, kev ua haujlwm protein ploj, raws li pom hauv daim duab 1.

Dab tsi tuaj yeem muab luam tawm hauv genome?

Genome duplication . Genome duplication yog tus txheej txheem uas ntxiv cov ntawv luam ntawm tag nrho genome yog generated, vim nondisjunction thaum lub sij hawm meiosis. Cov hlwb thiab cov kab mob tshwm sim yog polyploid - lawv muaj ntau tshaj li ob homologous pawg ntawm chromosomes.