Video: Yuav ua li cas ua kom cov kua qaub extraction ua haujlwm?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Lub tswv yim qab ib kua qaub - lub hauv paus extraction yog siv cov kua qaub - puag cov khoom ntawm cov organic tebchaw thiab xaiv cais lawv ntawm ib leeg thaum lawv nyob hauv kev sib tov. Hauv cov organic chemistry, kua qaub yog lub npe hu ua carboxylic kua qaub thiab muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm -COOH.
Ib yam li ntawd, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kua qaub yog dab tsi?
Ib kua qaub - lub hauv paus extraction yog hom kua-kua rho tawm . Acid - lub hauv paus extraction feem ntau yog siv los cais cov organic sib txuas ntawm ib leeg raws li lawv kua qaub - puag khoom. Txoj kev nyob ntawm qhov kev xav tias feem ntau cov organic tebchaw muaj ntau dua soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic dua li lawv nyob hauv dej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm yog dab tsi? Kev rho tawm yog a txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas ib los yog ntau lub Cheebtsam raug cais xaiv los ntawm ib tug ua kua los yog cov khoom sib tov, pub (Phase 1), los ntawm cov kua immiscible hnyav (Phase 2). Tom qab ntawd txhawm rau txhawm rau rov tsim cov kuab tshuaj, lwm qhov kev sib cais (piv txwv li distillation) yog qhov kawg.
Xav txog qhov no, vim li cas Naoh siv rau hauv kev rho tawm?
Qhov tshwm sim no feem ntau yuav pom yog tias sodium bicarbonate yog siv rau cov rho tawm thiaj li yuav neutralize los yog tshem tawm acidic tebchaw. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv them nyiaj carbon dioxide (CO2), uas yog ib qho roj ntawm ambient kub. Lub siab ua kom thawb qee cov roj thiab cov kua tawm.
Yuav ua li cas koj qhia ib tug acid los ntawm lub hauv paus?
Rau txiav txim seb ib yam khoom yog ib qho kua qaub los yog a puag , suav cov hydrogens ntawm txhua yam khoom ua ntej thiab tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogens tau txo cov tshuaj no kua qaub (paub hydrogen ions). Yog hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogens tau nce cov khoom ntawd yog qhov puag (txais hydrogen ions).
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas yog tias ib qho me me ntawm cov kua qaub ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj buffered?
Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw loj ntim ntawm cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog nrog nws cov conjugate puag lossis acid. Thaum koj ntxiv me me ntawm cov kua qaub lossis alkali (hauv paus) rau nws, nws cov pH tsis hloov pauv loj. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov tshuaj tsis txwv tsis pub cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke
Koj puas ntxiv cov kua qaub rau hauv lub hauv paus lossis lub hauv paus rau cov kua qaub?
Ntxiv cov kua qaub ua kom cov concentration ntawm H3O + ions hauv cov tshuaj. Ntxiv ib lub hauv paus txo cov concentration ntawm H3O + ions hauv cov tshuaj. Cov kua qaub thiab lub hauv paus zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yog hais tias lub hauv paus yog ntxiv rau cov kua qaub, cov tshuaj yuav tsis acidic thiab txav mus rau nruab nrab ntawm pH nplai
Yuav ua li cas koj txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm cov kua qaub uas yuav tsum tau neutralize lub hauv paus?
Kev daws qhov teeb meem Acid-Base Neutralization Kauj Ruam 1: Muab xam cov moles ntawm OH-. Molarity = moles / ntim. moles = Molarity x Volume. moles OH- = 0.02 M/100 milliliters. Kauj ruam 2: Xam qhov ntim ntawm HCl xav tau. Molarity = moles / ntim. Volume = moles/molarity. Volume = moles H+/0.075 Molarity
Yuav siv cov tshuaj neutralization li cas los nrhiav cov concentration ntawm cov kua qaub?
Ib qho titration yog ib qho kev sim uas siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acid-base neutralization los txiav txim qhov tsis paub txog cov kua qaub lossis lub hauv paus. Qhov sib npaug taw tes yog mus txog thaum tus naj npawb ntawm hydrogen ions sib npaug rau tus naj npawb ntawm hydroxide ions
Yuav ua li cas rau pH Thaum cov kua qaub ntxiv rau alkali?
Ntxiv dej rau cov kua qaub los yog lub hauv paus yuav hloov nws cov pH. Cov kua qaub los ua acidic tsawg. Ib yam li ntawd, thaum alkali diluted nrog dej, qhov concentration ntawm OH - ions txo. Qhov no ua rau pH ntawm alkali poob ntawm 7, ua rau cov tshuaj tsawg alkaline raws li cov dej ntxiv ntxiv