Video: HBr ua li cas rau cawv?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Thaum kho nrog HBr lub HCl cawv Feem ntau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv nucleophilic los tsim cov alkyl halide thiab dej. Cawv txheeb ze reactivity xaj: 3o > 2o > 1o > methyl. Hydrogen halide reactivity xaj: HI > HBr > HCl > HF (paralleling acidity order).
Ib yam li ntawd ib tug yuav nug, puas muaj cawv ua rau HCl?
Tertiary cawv react tsim nyog sai nrog concentrated hydrochloric acid , tab sis rau thawj lossis theem nrab cawv tus tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi yog qeeb heev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ib tug tertiary cawv reacts Yog hais tias nws yog shaken nrog concentrated hydrochloric acid ntawm chav tsev kub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj ua li cas Protonate ib qho cawv? Lub cev qhuav dej feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev ua kom sov cawv nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug muaj zog dehydrating acid, xws li concentrated sulfuric acid. Feem ntau cawv Lub cev qhuav dej tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no. Protonation ntawm pawg hydroxyl tso cai rau nws tawm mus ua cov dej molecule.
Ib yam li ib tug yuav nug, pbr3 ua li cas rau ib qho cawv?
Kev siv tseem ceeb rau phosphorus tribromide yog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj lossis theem nrab cawv rau alkyl bromides, raws li tau piav qhia saum toj no. PBr3 feem ntau muab cov txiaj ntsig siab dua li hydrobromic acid, thiab nws zam cov teeb meem ntawm carbocation rearrangement - piv txwv li txawm tias neopentyl bromide tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cawv hauv 60% yield.
Puas yog HCl muaj zog Nucleophile?
Thiab peb paub qhov ntawd HCl yog a muaj zog acid, thiab peb kuj paub cov muaj zog dua cov kua qaub qis dua lub hauv paus conjugate, yog li cov chloride anion yog lub hauv paus tsis muaj zog, thiab yog vim li cas nws tsuas yog yuav ua haujlwm raws li ib qho nucleophile nyob rau hauv peb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Pom zoo:
Puas yog cov cawv thawj zaug ua rau HCl?
Tertiary alcohols teb sai sai nrog cov concentrated hydrochloric acid, tab sis rau thawj lossis theem nrab cawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb heev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb heev. Ib qho dej cawv tertiary reacts yog tias nws yog shaken nrog concentrated hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub
Vim li cas ethyl cawv muaj qhov kub siab tshaj li methyl cawv?
Ethanol muaj qhov kub siab dua li Methanol.Li no, yuav tsum muaj lub zog ntau dua los kov yeej cov kev sib cuam tshuam, ua rau muaj qhov nce hauv boiling / meltingpoints
Thaum HBr ntxiv rau alkene nyob rau hauv muaj h2o2?
Qhov no yog hu ua Markovnikov's Rule. Vim hais tias HBr ntxiv rau 'txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees nyob ib puag ncig' nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov organic peroxides, qhov no feem ntau hu ua cov nyhuv peroxide lossis anti-Markovnikov ntxiv. Thaum tsis muaj peroxides, hydrogen bromide ntxiv rau propene ntawm ib qho kev sib ntxiv ntawm electrophilic
Phenols txawv li cas ntawm cawv?
Cawv yog cov organic compound uas nws cov molecule muaj ib lossis ntau pawg hydroxyl uas txuas ntxiv mus rau carbon atom. Phenol, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog ib qho sib xyaw ua ke ntawm pawg hydroxyl sib txuas ncaj qha mus rau pawg muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbon. Cawv feem ntau tsis muaj xim thiab lawv nyob hauv lub xeev ua kua
Volcanic av ua dab tsi rau cawv?
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