Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv nruab nrab?
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv nruab nrab?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv nruab nrab?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv nruab nrab?
Video: qhov txhab kev hlub 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Neutral mutations yog cov kev hloov pauv hauv DNA ib ntus uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob kom muaj sia nyob thiab yug me nyuam. Neutral mutations kuj yog lub hauv paus rau kev siv cov moos molecular los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej evolutionary xws li speciation thiab adaptive lossis evolutionary radiations.

Ua li no, piv txwv li kev hloov pauv nruab nrab yog dab tsi?

Piv txwv ntawm nruab nrab mutations yuav yog cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov lus sib txawv hauv cov kab ke caj ces (cov kab ke uas tsim cov protein ntau), uas cuam tshuam rau cov cheeb tsam uas tsis yog coding ntawm chromosome (saib cov noob caj noob ces), los yog ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo (xws li hom ntshav lossis qhov muag xim hauv tib neeg).

Ib tug kuj yuav nug, dab tsi yog kev hloov pauv muaj txiaj ntsig? Cov kab mob kis tau kev hloov pauv thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej. Cov no kev hloov pauv yog kev hloov pauv rau lawv cov caj ces, lossis DNA. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub sijhawm, a kev hloov pauv tshwm sim uas yog muaj txiaj ntsig mus rau lub cev. Cov no kev hloov pauv tau zoo suav nrog tej yam xws li lactose kam rau ua, nplua nuj xim tsis pom kev thiab, nyob rau hauv ib co, tiv thaiv kab mob HIV.

Kuj nug, yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau rau kev hloov pauv nruab nrab los ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb?

A: A nruab nrab mutation tau tuaj rau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv evolution ntawm hom raws li lawv tsis ua mob los yog coj ib tug txiaj ntsim rau ib hom. Lawv tsuas ntxiv rau cov pej xeem, tsa qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo kev hloov pauv yug los.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntsiag to thiab kev hloov pauv nruab nrab?

A Kev hloov ntsiag to yog qhov hloov pauv rau DNA uas tsis cuam tshuam rau ib qho protein uas tsim tawm. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tshwm sim hauv a gene, los yog vim nws tsim ib codon tshiab hauv a gene uas codes rau tib amino acid li qub codon. Cov kev hloov uas ntsiag to yog li no subsets ntawm nruab nrab mutations.

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