Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Dab tsi yog hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosome?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Cov hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosome muaj xws li kev hloov chaw , duplication, kev tshem tawm , thiab kev hloov pauv.
Ib yam li ntawd, 4 hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosome yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosome tuaj yeem yog ib qho ntawm plaub hom:
- kev tshem tawm yog qhov uas ib ntu ntawm chromosome raug tshem tawm.
- translocation yog qhov chaw ntawm ib qho chromosome ntxiv rau lwm chromosome uas tsis yog nws tus khub homologous.
- inversion yog qhov uas ib feem ntawm chromosome rov qab.
Ib yam li ntawd, hom kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi? Muaj peb hom ntawm DNA Kev hloov pauv : puag hloov pauv, tshem tawm thiab ntxig. Ib qho kev hloov pauv yog hu ua point kev hloov pauv , nco qab lub ntsiab lus kev hloov pauv Glu --- Val uas ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav.
Dhau li ntawm no, dab tsi yog 5 hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosomal?
Muaj plaub hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosomal: Kev tshem tawm , Translocations, Duplications thiab Inversions (daim duab hauv qab no). Nco ntsoov tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosome uas ua rau muaj kev poob loj ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ( Kev tshem tawm ) feem ntau yuav ua rau tuag taus.
Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm duplication mutation?
Lub sij hawm " luam tawm " tsuas yog txhais tau tias yog ib feem ntawm chromosome luam tawm , los yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv 2 daim ntawv luam. Ib piv txwv ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj kab mob caj ces ntawm luam tawm hu ua Pallister Killian syndrome, uas yog ib feem ntawm #12 chromosome luam tawm.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Kev hloov pauv, hauv molecular biology, yog hais txog kev hloov pauv hauv deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), qhov twg ib qho (ob lub nplhaib) purine hloov pauv rau (ib lub nplhaib) pyrimidine, los yog vice versa
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ib puag ncig kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov pauv qub txeeg qub teg?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tib neeg ntawm tib hom yog hu ua variation. Qhov no yog inherited variation. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ib puag ncig, lossis ib tus neeg ua dab tsi. Qhov no yog hu ua environmental variation
Dab tsi tsim cov roj siab thiab nws hloov pauv li cas nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kinetic zog?
Gas siab yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom siv roj nrog rau sab hauv ntawm lub thawv thaum lawv sib tsoo nrog thiab tawm dag zog rau ntawm phab ntsa ntim. Tom qab ntawd cov roj yog cua sov. Raws li qhov kub ntawm cov roj nce, cov khoom tau nce lub zog kinetic thiab lawv cov nrawm nrawm
Thaum ib qho kev sib cais ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv ntawm lub ntiaj teb nce ntxiv?
Txij li thaum lub kaw lus raug cais tawm, tsis muaj cua sov tuaj yeem khiav tawm (tus txheej txheem yog li adiabatic), yog li thaum lub zog ntws tawm hauv lub cev, qhov entropy ntawm qhov system nce, piv txwv li Δ Ssys> 0. Yog li ntawd, lub entropy ntawm lub system yuav tsum tau nce rau ib tug spontaneous txheej txheem nyob rau hauv no cais system
Peb qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Allele frequencies nyob rau hauv ib tug pej xeem yuav hloov vim plaub lub hauv paus zog ntawm evolution: Natural Selection, Genetic Drift, Mutations thiab Gene Flow. Kev hloov pauv yog qhov kawg ntawm cov alleles tshiab hauv cov noob caj noob ces. Ob ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog: Natural Selection thiab Genetic Drift