Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Qhov kub thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cuam tshuam li cas?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv , tus nqi ntawm kub uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv los yog tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm muaj tshuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav khaws tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kub . Yog tias kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog positive, the tshuaj tiv thaiv hais tias yog endothermic; yog hais tias tsis zoo, exothermic.
Kuj paub yog, dab tsi cuam tshuam rau qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Peb yam ua tau cuam tshuam tus enthalpy ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv : Cov concentrations ntawm cov reactants thiab cov khoom. Qhov kub ntawm qhov system. Lub siab ib nrab ntawm cov pa roj (yog tias muaj)
Tsis tas li ntawd, puas yog qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo ib yam li cov cua sov ntawm combustion? Lawv tsis yog opposites. Cov kub ntawm combustion tsuas yog qhov enthalpy ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tej combustion tshuaj tiv thaiv . Yuav nrhiav tau enthalpy ntawm tej tshuaj tiv thaiv , koj saib enthalpies ntawm tsim thiab ua cov khoom rho tawm reactants.
Ib tug kuj yuav nug, qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txhais li cas?
Cov Thaum tshav kub kub (tseem paub thiab Enthalpy ntawm Reaction ) yog cov hloov nyob rau hauv lub enthalpy ntawm ib qho tshuaj tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim ntawm lub siab tsis tu ncua. Nws yog ib chav ntsuas thermodynamic ntawm kev ntsuas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev suav cov nqi zog ntawm ib lub mole yog tso tawm lossis tsim tawm hauv tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Koj pom qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv li cas?
Enthalpy of Solution (Huab cua sov ntawm kev daws) Piv txwv
- Xam cov cua sov tso tawm, q, hauv joules (J), los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: q = huab hwm coj (dej) × lub peev xwm kub tshwj xeeb (dej) × hloov pauv hauv qhov kub thiab txias (kev daws teeb meem)
- Xam cov moles ntawm solute (NaOH(s)): moles = mass ÷ molar mass.
- Xam qhov hloov pauv enthalpy, ΔH, hauv kJ mol-1 ntawm solute:
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev zom zaub mov hu ua hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Thaum lub sij hawm zom mov, piv txwv li, decompositionreactions zom cov zaub mov loj rau hauv cov me me los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej molecules. Hom tshuaj no hu ua hydrolysis. Raws li dej absorbs heatenergy, qee lub zog yog siv los rhuav tshem hydrogenbonds
Qhov nqus thiab tso tawm ntawm lub zog cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Nyob rau hauv endothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov enthalpy ntawm cov khoom yog ntau dua cov enthalpy ntawm cov reactants. Vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tso tawm lossis nqus lub zog, lawv cuam tshuam rau qhov kub ntawm lawv ib puag ncig. Exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cua sov ua rau lawv ib puag ncig thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic txias rau lawv
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam thiab kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam?
Paub qhov txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev tsim kho thiab kev cuam tshuam puas tsuaj. Kev tsim kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim thaum lub crests ntawm ob nthwv dej ntxiv ua ke. Kev cuam tshuam kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim thaum lub crest ntawm ib yoj raug txo los ntawm lub trough ntawm lwm tus
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dab tsi yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralization?
Neutralization yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas muaj zog acid thiab muaj zog puag react nrog ib leeg los tsim dej thiab ntsev
Dab tsi yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug; nyob rau hauv ib qho kev hloov ntawm lub cev muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsos, tsis hnov tsw, los yog cov duab yooj yim ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov teeb meem yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus