Video: Puas yog ketones lossis aldehydes muaj cov ntsiab lus kub dua?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Rau ketones thiab aldehydes ntawm qhov zoo sib xws molecular mass, ketones muaj qhov kub siab dua vim qhov tseeb tias nws pawg carbonyl yog ntau polarized tshaj nyob rau hauv aldehydes . Yog li, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm molecules ntawm ketones muaj zog tshaj ntawm cov molecules ntawm aldehydes , thiab uas muab a siab kub taw tes.
Ntxiv rau qhov no, puas muaj ketones muaj cov ntsiab lus kub siab dua li cawv?
Cov polar carbon-rau-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus ua rau aldehydes thiab ketones rau muaj cov ntsiab lus kub siab dua cov ethers thiab alkanes ntawm cov molar zoo sib xws tab sis qis dua tshaj cov piv txwv cawv uas koom nrog hauv intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
dab tsi ua haujlwm pab pawg muaj qhov kub siab tshaj plaws? Carboxylic acids muaj cov ntsiab lus kub siab dua li txhua pawg ua haujlwm tau hais. Esters tsis tuaj yeem tsim hydrogen bonds nrog lawv tus kheej, tab sis tseem muaj cov polar carbonyl pawg . Lawv muaj cov ntsiab lus kub siab dua alkanes thiab ethers, tab sis qis dua cov ntsiab lus kub dua li cawv thiab carboxylic acids.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej ketone twg yuav raug muab piv los txiav txim siab qhov kub siab ntawm ib khub ntawm ketones?
Raws li rau Propanal vs Acetone lub sijhawm dipole ntawm propanal yog 2.52 thaum rau acetone nws yog 2.91 yog li ketones muaj siab dua dipole lub sij hawm tshaj aldehydes vim tias lawv muaj cov carbonyl ntau ntawm qhov chaw thiab yog li ketones muaj siab dua cov ntsiab lus kub tshaj li aldehydes uas muaj tib tus naj npawb ntawm carbons.
Dab tsi yog qhov kub ntawm aldehydes?
Boiling Points . Methanal yog roj ( kub point -21 ° C), thiab ethanal muaj a kub point ntawm +21 ° C. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias ethanal boils nyob ze ntawm chav tsev kub . Lwm tus aldehydes thiab ketones yog kua, nrog cov ntsiab lus kub nce raws li cov molecules loj.
Pom zoo:
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub hauv paus lo lus meter nyob rau hauv lo lus tus pas ntsuas kub yog dab tsi?
Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lo lus 'Thermometer' Qhov thib ob ntawm lo lus, 'meter', los ntawm Fabkis -mètre (uas muaj nws cov hauv paus hauv lub post-classical Latin: -meter, -metrumand lub ancient Greek, -Μέτρο ν, lossis metron, uas txhais tau tias ntsuas qee yam, xws li qhov ntev, qhov hnyav, lossis dav)
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus twg ntawm kev txheeb ze koj tau siv los txiav txim siab seb pob zeb txheej H yog laus dua lossis hluas dua txheej?
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm superposition yog yooj yim, intuitive, thiab yog lub hauv paus rau cov txheeb ze hnub nyoog sib tam. Nws hais tias cov pob zeb nyob hauv qab lwm cov pob zeb yog cov laus dua li cov pob zeb saum toj no
Puas muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau dua li neon muaj lossis tsis yog?
Potassium muaj pes tsawg tus electrons ntau dua Neon
Vim li cas cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus yog cov tshuaj ntshiab?
Elements thiab compounds yog ob qho tib si piv txwv ntawm cov khoom ntshiab. Ib yam khoom uas tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim dua (vim tias nws muaj ntau dua ib qho) yog ib qho khoom sib xyaw. Piv txwv li, dej yog acompound tsim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hydrogen thiaboxygen
Puas yog cov ntsiab lus uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo sib xws yuav pom nyob rau tib lub sijhawm lossis hauv tib pab pawg piav qhia koj cov lus teb?
Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov tshuaj muaj zog nyob ntawm tsis muaj valence electrons. Raws li nyob rau hauv ib pawg tag nrho cov ntsiab lus muaj tib yam tsis muaj valence electron uas yog vim li cas lawv muaj cov tshuaj zoo sib xws tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm tsis muaj valence electron sib txawv uas yog vim li cas lawv txawv nyob rau hauv chemical zog