Video: Leej twg nrhiav tau DNA synthesis?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Thaum lub sijhawm tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm ntau dua rau caum xyoo, Arthur Kornberg tau ua ntau yam kev pabcuam zoo rau molecular biology. Nws yog thawj tus uas cais tawm DNA polymerase, enzyme uas sib sau ua ke DNA los ntawm nws cov Cheebtsam, thiab thawj mus rau synthesize DNA nyob rau hauv lub xeem raj, uas tau txais nws Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv 1959.
Tsis tas li ntawd, leej twg nrhiav tau DNA replication?
Matt Meselson thiab Franklin Stahl Ameslikas tau ntsib nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1954, xyoo tom qab Watson thiab Crick luam tawm lawv daim ntawv ntawm cov qauv DNA.
Ib tug kuj yuav nug, qhov twg DNA synthesis pib? Hauv ib lub cell, DNA replication pib ntawm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb, lossis keeb kwm ntawm rov ua dua , hauv genome. Unwinding ntawm DNA ntawm keeb kwm thiab synthesis ntawm cov strands tshiab, haum los ntawm ib qho enzyme hu ua helicase, ua rau rov ua dua forks loj hlob bi-directionally los ntawm keeb kwm.
Yog li ntawd, thaum twg DNA tau pom thawj zaug thiab los ntawm leej twg?
Ntau tus neeg ntseeg tias American biologist James Watson thiab English physicist Francis Crick nrhiav pom DNA hauv xyoo 1950s. Qhov tseeb, qhov no tsis yog li ntawd. Es, DNA yog thawj zaug Nyob rau hauv lub lig 1860s los ntawm Swiss chemist Friedrich Miescher.
DNA yog dab tsi?
DNA yog ua los ntawm chemical tsev blocks hu ua nucleotides. Cov tsev blocks no yog ua los ntawm peb ntu: ib pawg phosphate, ib pawg suab thaj thiab ib qho ntawm plaub hom nitrogen hauv paus. Ua ib txoj hlua ntawm DNA , nucleotides txuas rau hauv cov saw hlau, nrog cov phosphate thiab qab zib pawg hloov pauv.
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