Video: Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb uas qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem suav tau hauv Mendelian caj ces?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Hauv noob caj noob ces , theoretical qhov tshwm sim tau siv rau xam qhov zoo li cov xeeb ntxwv yuav ua ib tug poj niam txiv neej, los yog cov xeeb ntxwv yuav tau txais ib qho kev zoo lossis kab mob yog tias txhua qhov txiaj ntsig tau sib npaug. Nws ua tau kuj siv tau rau xam qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov neeg coob.
Yog li ntawd, Mendel txoj cai lij choj cuam tshuam li cas rau qhov tshwm sim?
Cov kev cai ntawm kev cais thiab qhov tshwm sim yog raws li cov xwm txheej random. Lub caij nyoog uas ob yam xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim ua ke thaum lub sij hawm meiosis yog txiav txim raws li lwm yam kev tshwm sim random (yob ntawm tsuav, npib tos, thiab lwm yam)
Tom qab, lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog txoj cai khoom ntawm qhov tshwm sim? Ib txoj cai yuav tshwm sim uas tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv noob caj noob ces yog cov txoj cai khoom , uas hais tias cov qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob (lossis ntau dua) cov xwm txheej ywj pheej uas tshwm sim ua ke tuaj yeem suav tau los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm tus neeg Qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov xwm txheej.
Dhau li ntawm qhov no, qhov tshwm sim yuav cuam tshuam li cas los ntawm noob neej?
1: Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim Kev sib cais ntawm alleles thiab fertilization: Hauv a caj ces cross, cov qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb tau qhia yog nyob ntawm nws qhov zaus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ob leeg niam txiv muaj ib tug tseem ceeb thiab ib tug recessive noob rau qhov zoo ntawm paj xim.
Qhov tshwm sim yog dab tsi thiab nws siv li cas hauv cov noob caj noob ces?
Qhov yuav tshwm sim yog qhov muaj feem yuav tshwm sim. Txoj kev uas alleles segregate yog kiag li random zoo li npib npib. Cov ntsiab cai ntawm qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem yog siv los kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm noob caj noob ces hla.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb?
Thaum koj pom tus nqi kiag li hauv qhov teeb meem lossis qhov sib npaug, nws txhais tau hais tias txhua yam nyob hauv tus nqi tiag tiag yog qhov zoo. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo feem ntau siv rau hauv cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev nyob deb thiab qee zaum siv nrog qhov tsis sib xws. Qhov ntawd yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov nws zoo li qhov deb ntawm xoom
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib tug poj niam dig muag xim uas yuav ib tug txiv neej uas tsis pom kev zoo yuav muaj xim dig muag me nyuam?
Yog tias tus poj niam uas muaj lub zeem muag zoo li no (heterozygous rau qhov muag tsis pom xim) yuav ib tug txiv neej ib txwm muaj (XY), cov xeeb ceem hauv qab no tuaj yeem xav tau hauv F2 tiam: ntawm cov ntxhais, 50% yog ib txwm muaj thiab 50% yog cov neeg nqa khoom rau cov kab mob; ntawm cov tub, 50% yog xim dig muag thiab 50% yog qhov pom kev zoo
Yuav ua li cas cov khoom siv caj ces hauv txhua lub xov tooj tshiab tsim los ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm tes sib piv nrog cov khoom siv caj ces hauv lub xov tooj qub?
Mitosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob lub nuclei uas zoo tib yam rau thawj nucleus. Yog li, ob lub hlwb tshiab tsim tom qab kev faib tawm ntawm tes muaj tib yam khoom siv caj ces. Thaum lub sij hawm mitosis, chromosomes condense los ntawm chromatin. Thaum saib nrog lub microscope, chromosomes pom nyob rau hauv lub nucleus
Vim li cas nws tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum rov ua qhov kev sim thiab sim cov kev xav hauv ntau txoj kev?
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov kws tshawb fawb kom rov sim dua thaum ua qhov kev sim vim tias qhov kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum raug lees paub. Muaj tseeb vim tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov kev xeem yuav tsum zoo sib xws. Lwm cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tuaj yeem rov ua koj qhov kev sim thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws. Tib txoj hauv kev los ntsuas qhov kev xav yog ua qhov kev sim
Vim li cas kev nkag siab txog noob caj noob ces tseem ceeb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm?
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