Yuav txo tau cawv?
Yuav txo tau cawv?

Video: Yuav txo tau cawv?

Video: Yuav txo tau cawv?
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Kev txo qis ntawm Alcohols Nquag ib cawv tsis tuaj yeem ncaj qha txo mus rau alkane hauv ib kauj ruam. Pab pawg-OH yog ib pab pawg neeg tsis zoo, yog li hydride hloov chaw tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo - txawm li cas los xij cov pab pawg hydroxyl tau yooj yim hloov mus rau lwm pab pawg uas zoo tshaj tawm cov pab pawg, tso cai rau kev tawm tsam mus ntxiv.

Yog li ntawd, koj puas tuaj yeem txo cov cawv tertiary?

Ntawm no yog ib txoj kev rau converting theem nrab thiab tertiary cawv rau hauv qhov sib thooj alkane siv InCl3as tus catalyst. Txij thaum pib cawv yog unreactive, noreaction ua tau siv los xaiv txo Secondary thiab tertiary cawv nyob rau hauv lawv lub xub ntiag.

Ib yam li ntawd, NaBH4 puas tuaj yeem txo cov cawv? NaBH4 txo aldehydes, ketones thiab acidchlorides rau hauv cawv . Nws ua tsis tau txo acid, ester thiab amides.

Tsis tas li ntawd, LiAlH4 puas tuaj yeem txo cov cawv?

* Nws yog nucleophilic txo tus neeg sawv cev, zoo tshaj plaws siv txo polar ntau daim ntawv cog lus zoo li C = O. * LiAlH4 tuaj yeem txo qis aldehydes rau thawj cawv, ketones rau Secondalcohols, carboxylic acids thiab esters rau thawj alcohols, amidesand nitriles rau amines, epoxides rau cawv thiab lactones todiols.

Puas yog kev tshem tawm ntawm cawv oxidation lossis txo?

Yog tias qhov sib piv yog ib qho oxygen rau ob hydrogens (hauv lwm lo lus, dej), tsis yog oxidation los yog txo yog tshwm sim. Ntxiv los yog tshem tawm dej tsis koom nrog, ntawm nws tus kheej, ib oxidation los yog a txo tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm dej rau ib qho aldehyde los ua ib qho hydrate tsis koom nrog oxidation los yog txo.

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