Cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Video: Cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Video: Cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?
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Ib tug chromosome yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm DNA thiab cov protein uas muaj nyob rau hauv nucleus ntawm tes. Nws yog ib feem ntawm coiled DNA muaj ntau cov noob, tswj cov ntsiab lus thiab lwm yam nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes kuj muaj DNA - khi cov proteins , uas pab rau pob lub DNA thiab tswj nws txoj haujlwm.

Ib yam li ntawd, lub luag haujlwm ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Chromosomes feem ntau hu ua 'cov khoom ntim' uas tuav DNA thiab cov proteins ua ke hauv eukaryotic hlwb (cov cell uas muaj cov nucleus). Kev faib tawm ntawm tes yog txheej txheem txuas ntxiv uas yuav tsum tshwm sim rau lub cev muaj nuj nqi , seb puas yog rau kev loj hlob, kho, lossis kev yug me nyuam.

Ib sab saum toj no, dab tsi yog ob txoj haujlwm ntawm chromosomes? Chromosomes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib cell, rov ua dua, faib, thiab tsim cov ntxhais cell. Chromosomes feem ntau hu ua 'cov khoom ntim' vim nws nruj nreem tuav cov DNA thiab cov proteins ua ke hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic.

Kuj tseem yuav paub, tus qauv ntawm chromosomes yog dab tsi?

Hauv nucleus ntawm txhua tus cell , cov DNA molecule yog ntim rau hauv xov zoo li cov qauv hu ua chromosomes. Txhua chromosome yog tsim los ntawm DNA nruj nreem coiled ntau zaus ib ncig cov proteins hu ua histones uas txhawb nqa nws cov qauv.

Dab tsi yog chromosome nrog daim duab?

Cov chromosome yog lub condensed thiab compactly txheej txheem ntawm DNA nrog kev pab los ntawm histone proteins H1, H2A, H2B, H3 thiab H4. Qhov no yog cov qauv uas tuaj yeem pom thaum lub sijhawm metaphase ntawm cell division. Qhov no condensed packing tso cai rau ntev DNA nyob rau hauv lub eukaryotes yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm lub cell.

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