Video: Dab tsi yog qhov khoom ntawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv Grignard?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
cawv
Khaws qhov no hauv kev xav, yuav ua li cas tshwm sim hauv Grignard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
ar/) yog ib qho tshuaj organometallic tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas alkyl, allyl, vinyl, los yog aryl-magnesium halides ( Grignard reagent ) ntxiv rau pawg carbonyl hauv ib qho aldehyde lossis ketone. Qhov no tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov carbon-carbon bonds.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Grignard reagent tsim li cas? A Grignard reagent yog tsim los ntawm kev khi ntawm cov hlau mus rau carbon atom hauv ib pawg alkyl. Ib pawg alkyl muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen atom. Thaum nws txuas nrog halogen atom, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua Grignard reagents . Bromine thiab iodine yog cov feem ntau siv halogen atoms, vim lawv reactivity.
Ntawm no, dab tsi yog Grignard reagent nrog piv txwv?
A Grignard reagent los yog Grignard Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw nrog cov qauv generic R-Mg-X, qhov twg X yog halogen thiab R yog ib pawg organic, feem ntau yog alkyl lossis aryl. Ob yam piv txwv yog methylmagnesium chloride H. 3C-Mg-Cl thiab phenylmagnesium bromide (C. 6H. 5)-Mg-Br.
Puas yog Grignard sn1 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Organometallic Reagents yog Strong Nucleophiles Cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom thiab cov hlau atom yog polar. Grignard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim kom muaj kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm vinylic carbons. Qhov no tshuaj tiv thaiv txoj hauv kev yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim cov yas halides tsis tuaj yeem teb los ntawm SN1 thiab SN2 mechanisms.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev zom zaub mov hu ua hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Thaum lub sij hawm zom mov, piv txwv li, decompositionreactions zom cov zaub mov loj rau hauv cov me me los ntawm kev ntxiv cov dej molecules. Hom tshuaj no hu ua hydrolysis. Raws li dej absorbs heatenergy, qee lub zog yog siv los rhuav tshem hydrogenbonds
Lub npe rau ib yam khoom tsim nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog cov txheej txheem uas cov atoms tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pib rov ua kom muab cov tshuaj sib xyaw tshiab tam sim no hauv cov tshuaj tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj pib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj hu ua reactants, thiab cov tshuaj tshiab uas tshwm sim hu ua cov khoom
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nuclear Lub hlwb?
(1) Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Nuclear cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm inan atom lub nucleus, feem ntau tsim cov khoom sib txawv, nrog rau kev tawm ntawm cov hluav taws xob xws liα, β thiab gamma; lwm ray. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, ntawm qhov tod tes, tsuas yog muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv cov nuclei
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dab tsi yog qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv neutralization?
Neutralization yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas muaj zog acid thiab muaj zog puag react nrog ib leeg los tsim dej thiab ntsev
Dab tsi yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev?
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub cev thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog muaj pes tsawg leeg. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug; nyob rau hauv ib qho kev hloov ntawm lub cev muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsos, tsis hnov tsw, los yog cov duab yooj yim ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov teeb meem yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus