Video: Rutherford qhov kev sim ua pov thawj Thomson tus qauv ntawm lub atom li cas?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Nws sib cav tias plum pudding qauv yog tsis raug. Kev faib tawm symmetrical ntawm tus nqi yuav tso cai rau tag nrho cov α hais kom dhau los ntawm tsis muaj deflection. Rutherford proposed tias atom feem ntau yog qhov chaw khoob. Cov electrons revolve nyob rau hauv voj voog orbits txog ib tug loj heev zoo nqi ntawm qhov chaw.
Ib yam li ntawd, ib tug yuav nug, Rutherford qhov kev sim ua kom pom tau tias Thomson tus qauv ntawm lub atom tsis raug?
Thomson tus qauv kwv yees tias cov atom yog tsim los ntawm negatively charged electrons, uas yog surrounded los ntawm zoo them huab. Qhov no hu ua Plum pudding qauv ntawm lub atom . Tab sis Rutherford ua pov thawj nws yog tsis raug . Nws daim ntawv kub kev sim qhia tias cov atom cov central feem yog hnyav thiab zoo them.
Ib sab saum toj no, qhov kev sim tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias tus qauv plum pudding tsis yog lawm? Ernest Rutherford nrhiav pom lub atomic nucleus siv lub cathode ray raj. Thaum alpha hais raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv nyiaj nyias nyias, lawv yeej tsis dhau mus. Ernest Rutherford ua pov thawj tias plum - pudding qauv yog tsis raug . Ernest Rutherford tau sim los ntawm firing cathode rays ntawm kub ntawv nyiaj.
Yog li, qhov kev sim ua dab tsi cuam tshuam cov qauv plum pudding ntawm lub atom?
Hauv Thomson's qauv , cov atom yog tsim los ntawm cov hluav taws xob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov kua zaub ntawm cov nqi zoo kom sib npaug ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, zoo li tsis zoo them " plums "nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev them nyiaj zoo" paj npleg ”. Xyoo 1904 Thomson qauv yog tsis pom zoo los ntawm Hans Geiger's thiab Ernest Marsden's 1909 kub ntawv nyiaj kev sim.
Rutherford txoj kev sim ua li cas peb cov qauv tam sim no ntawm lub atom?
Rutherford qhov kev sim siv zoo them alpha hais (Nws nrog ib tug +2 xwb) uas tau deflected los ntawm cov tuab puab loj (nucleus). Qhov xaus uas tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm qhov txiaj ntsig no yog qhov ntawd atoms muaj lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas muaj feem ntau ntawm qhov loj ntawm ib qho atom thiab raug nqi zoo.
Pom zoo:
Koj ua pov thawj li cas cov kab yog sib npaug hauv cov ntawv pov thawj?
Thawj yog yog tias cov ces kaum sib thooj, cov ces kaum uas nyob rau tib lub ces kaum ntawm txhua qhov kev sib tshuam, sib npaug, ces cov kab sib npaug. Qhov thib ob yog yog tias qhov sib txawv sab hauv lub kaum sab xis, cov ces kaum uas nyob rau sab nraud ntawm lub transversal thiab sab hauv cov kab sib npaug, sib npaug, ces cov kab sib npaug
Tus qauv yuav pab nrhiav qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim sib xyaw li cas?
Lub ntsiab lus ntawm Qhov Muaj Peev Xwm Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej Txheej yog ib qho uas muaj ntau tshaj li qhov ua tau. Kev txiav txim siab qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim sib xyaw suav nrog kev nrhiav cov lej ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kheej cov xwm txheej thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, tshem tawm qhov muaj feem sib tshooj
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