Video: Yuav ua li cas hloov kho ua ntej mRNA ntawm transcription thiab translation?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Lub pre-mRNA yuav tsum dhau los ntawm qee qhov kev hloov kho kom dhau los ua mRNA molecule uas paub tab uas tuaj yeem tawm hauv lub nucleus thiab raug txhais. Cov no suav nrog splicing , capping , thiab ntxiv ntawm poly-A tus Tsov tus tw, tag nrho cov uas muaj peev xwm tswj tau - sped up, slowed down, los yog hloov mus ua ib yam khoom sib txawv.
Ntawm no, mRNA hloov pauv li cas tom qab luam ntawv?
RNA thauj los ntawm Nucleus mus rau Cytoplasm Post- transcriptional kev hloov kho ntawm pre- mRNA , xws li capping, splicing, thiab polyadenylation, muaj nyob rau hauv lub nucleus. Tom qab cov no kev hloov kho tau tiav lawm, tus paub tab mRNA Cov molecules yuav tsum tau translocated rau hauv cytoplasm, qhov twg protein synthesis tshwm sim.
Kuj Paub, dab tsi yog qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yuav tsum tau tsim mRNA paub tab hauv eukaryotic hlwb? Hauv seem no, peb yuav tham txog peb cov txheej txheem uas ua up cov ncej - transcriptional kev hloov kho : 5 'capping, ntxiv ntawm poly A tail, thiab splicing. Lub 5 'capping cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hloov cov pab pawg triphosphate ntawm 5' kawg ntawm qhov RNA saw nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb nucleotide uas yog hu ua 5 'cap.
Yog li ntawd, peb qhov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Lub pre-mRNA molecule undergoes peb lub ntsiab kev hloov kho . Cov no kev hloov kho yog 5 'capping, 3' polyadenylation, thiab RNA splicing, uas tshwm sim hauv lub cell nucleus ua ntej RNA raug txhais.
Pre mRNA hloov li cas?
Eukaryotic ua ntej - mRNAs feem ntau suav nrog intros. Introns raug tshem tawm los ntawm RNA ua nyob rau hauv uas lub intron yog looped thiab txiav tawm ntawm lub exons los ntawm snRNPs, thiab cov exons yog spliced ua ke los tsim lub translatable. mRNA . Qhov tshwm sim mature mRNA Tej zaum yuav tawm ntawm lub nucleus thiab muab txhais rau hauv cytoplasm.
Pom zoo:
Cov kev hloov ntawm lub cev txawv ntawm cov tshuaj hloov pauv li cas muab ib qho piv txwv ntawm txhua tus?
Kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, thaum lub cev hloov pauv yog thaum cov teeb meem hloov pauv tab sis tsis yog tshuaj lom neeg. Piv txwv ntawm kev hloov tshuaj lom neeg yog hlawv, ua noj, xeb, thiab rotting. Piv txwv ntawm kev hloov lub cev yog boiling, melting, khov, thiab shredding
Kev xaiv ntuj yog dab tsi thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas ntawm qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob nrog kev hloov kho?
Qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob nrog kev hloov kho yog lub evolutionary mechanism uas tsim cov kev hloov hauv cov caj ces ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Muaj peb lub tswv yim rau cov kev hloov pauv no thiab lub tshuab thib plaub, kev xaiv ntuj tsim, txiav txim siab cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv uas muaj sia nyob kom dhau ntawm lawv cov noob, raws li ib puag ncig
Puas yog kev sib hloov kho qhov muag thiab kev sib hloov tshwj xeeb zoo ib yam?
Hauv chemistry, kev sib hloov tshwj xeeb ([α]) yog cov cuab yeej ntawm cov tshuaj chiral. Yog hais tias lub compound muaj peev xwm tig lub dav hlau ntawm polarization ntawm lub dav hlau-polarized lub teeb, nws tau hais tias yog "optically active". Kev sib hloov tshwj xeeb yog cov cuab yeej siv zog, qhov txawv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm kev hloov kho qhov muag
Tib neeg ua ntej hloov cov qoob loo li cas cov kws tshawb fawb siv niaj hnub no los hloov cov qoob loo?
Los ntawm cucumbers thiab carrots rau dawb nplej thiab nplej, peb tib neeg tau hloov cov noob ntawm yuav luag txhua yam zaub mov peb noj. Niaj hnub no cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem tsim qhov kev hloov pauv sai sai los ntawm kev xaiv ib lub noob uas yuav ua rau muaj qhov xav tau thiab tso cov noob ncaj qha mus rau hauv chromosome ntawm lub cev
Transcription thiab translation txhais li cas?
Kev hloov pauv yog txheej txheem ntawm kev ua RNA daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Kev txhais lus yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txhais cov kab ke ntawm tus xa xov RNA molecule mus rau ib theem ntawm cov amino acids thaum lub sij hawm cov protein synthesis. Thaum kawg, qhov no yog txhua yam peb paub txog kev sau thiab txhais lus ntawm caj ces