Video: Txhua 3 tsab ntawv ntawm DNA strand code yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Cov no yog "niam ntawv" ntawm ntawv uas yog siv los sau " code lus". code muaj ib ntus ntawm peb tsab ntawv "cov lus" (qee zaus hu ua 'triplelets', qee zaum hu ua 'codons'), sau ib qho tom qab lwm raws qhov ntev ntawm lub DNA strand . Tag nrho lwm cov kab ke code rau cov amino acids tshwj xeeb.
Kuj nug, peb tsab ntawv code hauv DNA hu ua dab tsi?
Cov caj ces code yuav tsum yog "lus" - siv cov DNA Cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm A, T, C, thiab G - uas tsim txaus DNA "cov lus" qhia txhua tus ntawm 20 paub cov amino acids. Kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas qhov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim feem ntau yog qhov tseeb, cov kws tshawb fawb tau xav tias a peb - tsab ntawv code hu ua ib codon.
Ib tug kuj yuav nug, cov ntawv dab tsi mus nrog dab tsi hauv DNA? Hauv DNA, cov ntawv cim yog A, T, G, thiab C, uas sawv cev rau cov tshuaj adenine , thymine, guanine, thiab cytosine, feem. Hauv kev sib piv, adenine ib txwm ua khub nrog thymine, thiab guanine ib txwm ua khub nrog cytosine.
Hais txog qhov no, lub codon code rau dab tsi?
caj ces code …ib lub npe hu ua codon , qho codes rau ib qho amino acid. Piv txwv li, cov kab ke AUG yog a codon uas qhia txog cov amino acid methionine. Muaj 64 qhov ua tau codons , peb cov ua tsis yog code rau amino acids tab sis qhia qhov kawg ntawm cov protein.
Muaj pes tsawg amino acids ua ib txoj kab ntawm DNA code rau?
Koj tuaj yeem xav txog cov kab ke ntawm cov hauv paus hauv coding strand ntawm DNA lossis hauv tub txib RNA raws li cov lus qhia rau kev tsim cov protein chains tawm ntawm cov amino acids. Muaj 20 amino acids siv los ua cov protein, tab sis tsuas yog plaub lub hauv paus sib txawv los siv los ua cov cai rau lawv.
Pom zoo:
Tsab ntawv C yog dab tsi rau ntawm lub rooj zaum?
Lub cim tshuaj yog qhov luv ntawm lub npe ntawm lub caij. Cov cim tshuaj ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tau teev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev sijhawm. Lawv kuj tau siv thaum sau cov tshuaj sib npaug. Piv txwv li: C + O2 → CO2. Ntawm no C sawv rau carbon thiab O sawv rau oxygen
Yuav ua li cas yog ob tsab ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv uas tsis tshwm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm?
Tsab ntawv 'J' yog tib tsab ntawv uas tsis tshwm nyob rau hauv lub rooj zaum
Txoj kev faib cov ntaub ntawv twg muab cov ntaub ntawv sib npaug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov kev tshuaj xyuas hauv txhua chav kawm cov ntaub ntawv?
Quantile. txhua chav kawm muaj cov yam ntxwv sib npaug. Ib qho kev faib tawm ntau yog zoo haum rau cov ntaub ntawv faib tawm. Quantile muab tib tus lej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqis rau txhua chav kawm
Dab tsi ntawm tsab ntawv yog siv los sawv cev rau tus tseem ceeb allele?
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb kuj siv cov tsiaj ntawv loj thiab cov tsiaj ntawv me los sawv cev rau cov noob tseem ceeb thiab cov noob qoob loo, feem. Cov tsiaj ntawv no muaj feem cuam tshuam txog qhov zoo hauv nqe lus nug, xws li tsab ntawv B los sawv cev xim av qhov muag ua ib qho tseem ceeb allele
Dab tsi yog txoj cai genetic code ntawm complementary strand?
Genetic Code. Ib qho kev piav qhia ntawm Txoj Cai Genetic: DNA yog ob txoj hlua khi. Lwm qhov, thiab ntxiv, strand yog hu ua coding strand lossis kev nkag siab strand (muaj codons). Txij li thaum mRNA yog tsim los ntawm template strand, nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv tib yam li cov coding strand