Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ketones yog dab tsi?
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ketones yog dab tsi?

Video: Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ketones yog dab tsi?

Video: Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ketones yog dab tsi?
Video: Xwm Kab Yog Dab Tsi?: Hmoob Nkag Siab Yuam Kev Tag Lawm 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Nws kuj txiav txim siab lawv lub cev yooj yim khoom xws li solubility thiab boiling point. Aldehydes thiab ketones yog cov sib txuas yooj yim uas muaj cov pab pawg carbonyl - carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus.

Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog lub cev lub cev ntawm ketones?

Lub cev muaj zog ntawm Aldehydes thiab Ketones : Boiling point: Lub boiling point ntawm methanal yog -19o C thiab ethanal nws yog +21o C. Los ntawm qhov no peb tuaj yeem hais tias qhov kub ntawm ethanal yog ze rau chav sov. Feem ntau cov boiling point ntawm aldehydes thiab ketones nce nrog nce nyob rau hauv molecular hnyav.

Dab tsi yog qhov kev siv ntawm ketones? Kev siv Ketones Ketone coj los ua cov kuab tshuaj zoo heev rau qee hom yas thiab hluavtaws fibers. Acetone ua raws li cov xim pleev xim thiab pleev xim rau ntsia thawv. Nws kuj yog siv rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj xws li tshuaj tev txheej txheem thiab pob txuv kev kho mob.

Ib sab saum toj, dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehydes thiab ketones?

Cov khoom ntawm Aldehydes thiab Ketones Aldehydes thiab ketones tuaj yeem tsim tsis muaj zog hydrogen bonds nrog dej los ntawm carbonyl oxygen atom. Cov tswvcuab qis dua ntawm ob koob (3 carbons lossis tsawg dua) yog soluble hauv dej hauv txhua qhov sib npaug. Raws li qhov ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv, dej solubility txo.

Dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm aldehydes?

Lub polarity ntawm pawg carbonyl tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau lub cev khoom ntawm melting point thiab boiling point, solubility, thiab dipole lub sij hawm. Hydrocarbons, cov tebchaw uas muaj tsuas yog cov ntsiab lus hydrogen thiab carbon, yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis muaj polar thiab yog li muaj cov ntsiab lus qis melting thiab boiling.

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