Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm biomolecules thiab macromolecules?
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm biomolecules thiab macromolecules?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm biomolecules thiab macromolecules?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm biomolecules thiab macromolecules?
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Anonim

yog tias biomolecule yog (biochemistry) molecules, xws li amino acids, qab zib, nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, dna, thiab rna, uas tshwm sim ib txwm nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv. macromolecule yog (chemistry | biochemistry) ib tug loj heev molecule, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv nyob rau hauv reference rau loj lom polymers (xws li nucleic.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas lawv thiaj hu ua macromolecules?

Macromolecules yog loj, complex molecules. Lawv Feem ntau yog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom me me, xws li cov proteins, lipids, thiab carbohydrates. Lwm lub npe rau a macromolecule yog ib tug polymer, uas muab los ntawm Greek prefix poly- txhais tau tias "ntau units."

Qhov thib ob, dab tsi yog 4 loj macromolecules thiab lawv cov subunits? Raws li peb tau kawm, muaj plaub chav kawm loj ntawm biological macromolecules:

  • Proteins (polymer ntawm amino acids)
  • Carbohydrates (polymers ntawm qab zib)
  • Lipids (polymers ntawm lipid monomers)
  • Nucleic acids (DNA thiab RNA; polymers ntawm nucleotides)

Tom qab, lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog 4 hom macromolecules thiab lawv txoj haujlwm?

Muaj plaub chav kawm loj ntawm biological macromolecules ( carbohydrates lipids, cov proteins , thiab nucleic acids ); txhua tus yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tes thiab ua haujlwm ntau yam. Ua ke, cov molecules no ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov cell qhuav qhuav (nco ntsoov tias cov dej ua rau feem ntau ntawm nws cov khoom tiav).

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm macromolecules yog dab tsi?

Cov rog thiab roj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm fatty acids thiab glycerol. Proteins yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov macromolecules uas tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm rau lub cell. Lawv pab nyob rau hauv cov metabolism los ntawm kev muab cov qauv kev txhawb nqa thiab los ntawm kev ua raws li enzymes, cov cab kuj los yog cov tshuaj hormones. Lub tsev blocks ntawm cov proteins yog cov amino acids.

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