Video: Ntau npaum li cas DNA ua txhua yam muaj sia sib koom?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Peb DNA yog 99.9% tib yam li tus neeg nyob ib sab ntawm peb - thiab peb xav tsis thoob zoo li ntau lwm yam muaj sia . Peb lub cev muaj 3 billion genetic tsev blocks, los yog lub hauv paus khub, uas ua rau peb yog leej twg.
Raws li txoj cai, puas yog txhua yam muaj sia sib koom DNA?
Txhua yam muaj sia nyob khaws cov ntaub ntawv genetic siv tib lub molecules - DNA thiab RNA. Sau nyob rau hauv genetic code ntawm cov molecules yog compelling pov thawj ntawm lub qhia caj ces ntawm txhua yam muaj sia.
Tsis tas li ntawd, puas yog txhua yam muaj sia nyob sib koom tib txoj cai caj ces? Theoretically, cov noob caj noob ces yog universal. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov ib yam "codon" txhais tau tias ib yam amino acid hauv tag nrho cov kab mob . Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tib neeg thiab cov kab mob, ib codon ua los ntawm peb thymine DNA - tsab ntawv yuav code rau ib qho amino acid hu ua Phenylalanine. Muaj txog nees nkaum amino acids, thiab txog 64 codons.
Yog li ntawd, pes tsawg cov noob caj noob ces ua txhua yam muaj sia sib koom?
Muaj txog 100 universally conserved noob , thaj muaj nyob rau hauv txhua yam muaj sia nyob.
Puas yog txhua yam muaj sia muaj feem cuam tshuam?
Cov pov thawj ntau dhau qhia peb tias tag nrho hom yog ntsig txog -- hais tias, lawv yog tag nrho nqis los ntawm ib tug poj koob yawm txwv. Ntau tshaj li 150 xyoo dhau los, Darwin tau pom cov pov thawj ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo no nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam anatomical zoo sib xws ntawm ntau hom, ob qho tib si. nyob thiab ploj mus.
Pom zoo:
Vim li cas txhua yam muaj sia yuav tsum muaj DNA?
Tag nrho cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob yuav tsum muaj vim nws ua raws li cov khoom siv caj ces (muaj cov noob caj noob ces) uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv lom neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, DNA encodes cov kab ke ntawm cov amino acid residues (rau protein synthesis) siv ib tug triplet code ntawm neucleotides (genetic code) tom qab transcribing rau RNA
Tus yam ntxwv twg yog qhia los ntawm txhua yam muaj sia?
Hmoov zoo, biologists tau tsim cov npe ntawm yim yam ntxwv sib koom los ntawm txhua yam muaj sia. Cov yam ntxwv yog qhov zoo lossis qhov zoo. Cov yam ntxwv no yog lub koom haum ntawm tes, kev yug me nyuam, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, teb rau stimuli, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, thiab adaptation los ntawm evolution
Vim li cas txhua yam kab mob muaj sia nyob sib xws?
Cov Khoom Ntawm Lub Neej. Txhua yam kabmob muaj sia muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb lossis kev ua haujlwm: kev txiav txim, rhiab heev los teb rau ib puag ncig, kev tsim tawm, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, kev tswj hwm, homeostasis, thiab kev ua lub zog. Thaum saib ua ke, cov yam ntxwv no pab txhais lub neej
Qhov twg ntawm cov no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua yam muaj sia?
Cov yam ntxwv no yog lub koom haum ntawm tes, kev yug me nyuam, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, teb rau stimuli, kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob, thiab adaptation los ntawm evolution. Qee yam, xws li tus kab mob, pom tsuas yog qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv no thiab yog li ntawd, tsis muaj sia nyob
Puas yog txhua yam muaj sia ua los ntawm ntau tshaj ib lub xov tooj?
Cov khoom muaj sia feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ib lub cell thiab lawv hu ua unicellular organisms. Ntau yam muaj sia nyob yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub hlwb uas tsim cov nroj tsuag loj lossis tsiaj. Cov tsiaj muaj sia no hu ua multicellular organisms. Dej ua kom txog li ob feem peb ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlwb