Video: Qhov teeb meem nrhiav tau li cas?
2024 Tus sau: Miles Stephen | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-15 23:36
Lub sijhawm ntawd, lub atom tau xav tias yog 'lub tsev thaiv ntawm teeb meem .' Xyoo 1911, tus kws tshawb fawb hu ua ErnestRutherford nrhiav pom hais tias atoms tiag tiag ua los ntawm apositively charged center hu ua lub nucleus orbited los ntawm negativelycharged hais hu ua electrons electrons.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub atom nrhiav tau li cas?
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 450 BC, Greek philosopher Democritus tau qhia txog lub tswv yim ntawm atom . Txawm li cas los xij, nws incorrectly xav tias atoms yog cov khoom me tshaj plaws. Xyoo 1897, J. J. Thomson nrhiav pom electrons.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub electron nrhiav tau li cas? J. J. Thomson qhov kev sim nrog cov kab hluav taws xob cathode tau pom tias tag nrho cov atoms muaj me me tsis zoo them subatomic particlesor electrons . Thomson tau tshaj tawm cov qauv plum pudding ntawm theatom, uas tau them tsis zoo electrons embedded nyob rau hauv qhov zoo-them "kua zaub."
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub proton nrhiav tau li cas?
Cov nrhiav pom ntawm protons tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau Rutherford. Xyoo 1886 Goldstein nrhiav pom Lub neej ntawm cov hluav taws xob zoo nyob rau hauv lub raj xa tawm los ntawm kev siv perforatedcathode. Cov rays no tau raug hu ua anode rays lossis kwj dej rays. Lo lus ' proton ' tau raug xa mus rau qhov no los ntawm xyoo 1920.
Dab tsi yog qhov me dua ib lub atom?
Atoms tsis yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws hais inexistence. Atoms lawv tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm ntau me me hais, hu ua (tos nws) subatomic particles. Subatomic hais hais txog tag nrho cov ntawm no - protons, neutrons, quarks, leptons thiab bosons - tab sis lub elementary hais yogquarks, leptons thiab bosons.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas koj nrhiav tau qhov kev daws teeb meem rau ib khub xaj?
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas yog tias tus khub txiav txim yog qhov kev daws teeb meem rau qhov sib npaug, koj tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sim. Txheeb xyuas qhov x-tus nqi hauv tus khub xaj thiab ntsaws rau hauv qhov sib npaug. Thaum koj ua kom yooj yim, yog tias tus y-tus nqi koj tau txais yog tib yam li y-tus nqi hauv tus khub xaj, ces tus khub txiav txim yog qhov kev daws teeb meem rau qhov sib npaug
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